<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758</id><updated>2011-09-14T02:15:17.828+10:00</updated><category term='technology'/><category term='translation'/><category term='Theroux'/><category term='Merleau-Ponty'/><category term='politics'/><category term='Locke'/><category term='cryptic crosswords'/><category term='Kant philosophy'/><category term='music'/><category term='language'/><category term='Borges'/><category term='philosophy'/><category term='Nietzsche'/><category term='French'/><category term='literature'/><category term='heidegger'/><category term='Montaigne'/><category term='Indonesia'/><category term='Schopenhauer'/><category term='Wittgenstein'/><category term='Quine'/><category term='Berkeley'/><category term='trivia'/><category term='Proust'/><category term='Popper'/><category term='kant'/><category term='word wangles'/><title type='text'>Thus Sprach...</title><subtitle type='html'>maybe, just maybe, this will last longer than a month or two</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>102</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6180017294335891541</id><published>2010-12-14T15:26:00.015+11:00</published><updated>2011-09-13T14:20:33.808+10:00</updated><title type='text'>Tomes for 2011 and Beyond</title><content type='html'>&lt;b&gt;Kafka&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Madame bovary&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bevoiard and pecuchet and/or Salammbo&lt;br /&gt;War and peace&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gogol's Dead souls&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Old Testament&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Apocrypha&lt;br /&gt;New Testament&lt;br /&gt;Schopenhauer&lt;br /&gt;Montaigne&lt;br /&gt;Hofstadter&lt;br /&gt;Anna karenina&lt;br /&gt;Hopscotch&lt;br /&gt;Isaac Babel&lt;br /&gt;At least one of Marquez in Spanish&lt;br /&gt;Koran&lt;br /&gt;Eugene onegin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Christmas tale by Dickens&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At least one book of Proust&lt;br /&gt;Dom Quixote&lt;br /&gt;Cheever short stories&lt;br /&gt;Borges selected stories&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Salinger short stories&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Krugman economics&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nabokov Invitations to a Beheading&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nabokov Bend Sinister&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nabokov Lectures&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Mansfield Park&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tolstoy's Hadji Murad&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Code Complete McConnell&lt;br /&gt;Alice Annotated &lt;br /&gt;Greek myths Graves&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Shakespeare:&lt;br /&gt;Macbeth&lt;br /&gt;Antony and cleopatra&lt;br /&gt;winters tale&lt;br /&gt;sonnets&lt;br /&gt;Hamlet&lt;br /&gt;othello&lt;br /&gt;king Lear&lt;br /&gt;much ado about nothing&lt;br /&gt;Coriolanus&lt;br /&gt;merchant of venice&lt;br /&gt;taming of the shrew&lt;br /&gt;Titus andronicus&lt;br /&gt;history plays&lt;br /&gt;midsummer nights dream&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6180017294335891541?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6180017294335891541/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6180017294335891541' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6180017294335891541'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6180017294335891541'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/12/tomes-for-2011-and-beyond.html' title='Tomes for 2011 and Beyond'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3475233496983256983</id><published>2010-02-12T13:18:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2010-05-28T12:46:38.416+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><title type='text'>Trivialities and the Life Changing</title><content type='html'>And from &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the ever so famous line:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;The fault I find with our journalism is that it forces us to take an interest in some fresh triviality or other every day, whereas only three or four books in a lifetime give us anything that is of real importance.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3475233496983256983?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3475233496983256983/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3475233496983256983' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3475233496983256983'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3475233496983256983'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/02/trivialities-and-life-changing.html' title='Trivialities and the Life Changing'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6624734759282832663</id><published>2010-02-12T13:13:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2010-02-12T13:16:07.130+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Pleasure like the Development of a Photo</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Within a Budding Grove&lt;/span&gt;, the Moncrieff-Kilmartin-Enright translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;But so far as the pleasure was concerned, I was naturally not conscious of it until some time later, when, back at the hotel, and in my room alone, I had become myself again. Pleasure in this respect is like photography. What we take, in the presence of the beloved object, is merely a negative, which we develop later, when we are back at home, and have once again found at our disposal that inner darkroom the entrance to which is barred to us so long as we are with other people.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6624734759282832663?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6624734759282832663/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6624734759282832663' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6624734759282832663'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6624734759282832663'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/02/pleasure-like-development-of-photo.html' title='Pleasure like the Development of a Photo'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-66215269825055298</id><published>2010-01-23T12:28:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2010-01-23T12:29:42.979+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Philologists</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Within a Budding Grove&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;The uncle for whom we were waiting was called Palamède, a name that had come down to him from his ancestors, the Princes of Sicily.  And later on when I found, as I read history, belonging to this or that Podestà or Prince of the Church, the same Christian name, a fine renaissance medal--some said, a genuine antique--that had always remained in the family, having passed from generation to generation, from the Vatican cabinet to the uncle of my friend, I felt the pleasure that is reserved for those who, unable from lack of means to start a case of medals, or a picture gallery, look out for old names (names of localities, instructive and picturesque as an old map, a bird's-eye view, a sign-board or a return of customs; baptismal names, in which rings out and is plainly heard, in their fine French endings, the defect of speech, the intonation of a racial vulgarity, the vicious pronunciation by which our ancestors made Latin and Saxon words undergo lasting mutilations which in due course became the august law-givers of our grammar books) and, in short, by drawing upon their collections of ancient and sonorous words, give themselves concerts like the people who acquire viols da gamba and viols d'amour so as to perform the music of days gone by upon old-fashioned instruments.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-66215269825055298?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/66215269825055298/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=66215269825055298' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/66215269825055298'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/66215269825055298'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/01/proust-on-philologists.html' title='Proust on Philologists'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7774945585829356801</id><published>2010-01-23T12:24:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2010-01-23T12:25:52.739+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Lofty Men and Their Faults</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Within a Budding Grove&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;But the variety of our defects is no less remarkable than the similarity of&lt;br /&gt;our virtues. Each of us has his own, so much so that to continue loving him we are obliged not to take them into account but to ignore them and look only to the rest of his character.  The most perfect person in the world has a certain defect which shocks us or makes us angry.  One man is of rare intelligence, sees everything from an&lt;br /&gt;exalted angle, never speaks evil of anyone, but will pocket and forget letters of supreme importance which it was he himself who asked you to let him post for you, and will then miss a vital engagement without offering you any excuse, with a smile,  because he prides himself upon never knowing the time.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7774945585829356801?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7774945585829356801/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7774945585829356801' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7774945585829356801'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7774945585829356801'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/01/proust-on-lofty-men-and-their-faults.html' title='Proust on Lofty Men and Their Faults'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6632449233316513451</id><published>2010-01-17T21:54:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2010-01-17T22:19:50.571+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Love and Habit and Remembering</title><content type='html'>In Proust's &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Within a Budding Grove&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Often, our life being so careless of chronology, interpolating so many anachronisms in the sequence of our days, I lived still among those--far older days than yesterday or last week--in which I loved Gilberte. And at once not seeing her became as exquisite a torture to me as it had been then. The self that had loved her, which another self had already almost entirely supplanted, rose again in me, stimulated far more often by a trivial than by an important event. For instance, if I may anticipate for a moment my arrival in Normandy, I heard some one who passed me on the sea-front at Balbec refer to the 'Secretary to the Ministry of Posts and his family.' Now, seeing that as yet I knew nothing of the influence which that family was to exercise over my life, this remark ought to have passed unheeded; instead, it gave me at once an acute  winge, which a self that had for the most part long since been outgrown in me felt at being parted from Gilberte.  Because I had never given another thought to a conversation which Gilberte had had with her father in my hearing, in which allusion was made to the Secretary to the Ministry of Posts and to his family. Now our love memories present no exception to the general rules of memory, which in turn are governed by the still more general rules of Habit. And as Habit weakens every impression, what a person recalls to us most vividly is precisely what we had forgotten, because it was of no importance, and had therefore left in full possession of its strength. That is why the better part of our memory exists outside ourselves, in a blatter of rain, in the smell of an unaired room or of the first crackling brushwood fire in a cold grate: wherever, in short, we happen upon what our mind, having no use for it, had rejected, the last treasure that the past has in store, the richest, that which when all our flow of tears seems to have dried at the source can make us weep again. Outside ourselves, did I say; rather&lt;br /&gt;within ourselves, but hidden from our eyes in an oblivion more or less prolonged.  It is thanks to this oblivion alone that we can from time to time recover the creature that we were, range ourselves face to face with past events as that creature had to face them, suffer afresh because we are no longer ourselves but he, and because he loved what leaves us now indifferent.  In the broad daylight of our ordinary memory the images of the past turn gradually pale and fade out of sight, nothing remains of them, we shall never find them again. Or rather we should never find them again had not a few words (such as this 'Secretary to the Ministry of Posts') been carefully locked away in oblivion, just as an author deposits in the National Library a copy of a book which might otherwise become unobtainable.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6632449233316513451?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6632449233316513451/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6632449233316513451' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6632449233316513451'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6632449233316513451'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2010/01/in-prousts-within-budding-grove-often.html' title='Love and Habit and Remembering'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5014244240708826241</id><published>2009-12-06T20:49:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2009-12-06T20:53:12.855+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Flaubert on Godlessness</title><content type='html'>In 'Novelists and the Critics of the 1940s', a Gore Vidal essay, comes this quote from Flaubert:&lt;blockquote&gt;The melancholy of the ancients seems to me deeper than that of the moderns, who all more or less assume an immortality on the far side of the black pit. For the ancients the black pit was infinity itself; their dreams take shape and pass against a background of unchanging ebony. No cries, no struggles, only the fixity of the pensive gaze. THe gods being dead and Christ not yet born, there was between Cicero and Marcus Aurelius one unique moment in which there was man.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5014244240708826241?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5014244240708826241/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5014244240708826241' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5014244240708826241'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5014244240708826241'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/12/flaubert-on-godlessness.html' title='Flaubert on Godlessness'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5327524787199688275</id><published>2009-11-21T12:45:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2009-11-21T12:46:29.149+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Wittgenstein'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>The Ladder as a Raft</title><content type='html'>I love the simile of knowledge as a ladder that gets tossed aside once enlightenment is attained. I read about it first in Schopenhauer and then Wittgenstein. I knew Buddhists talk of a similar thing, but I didn't know it was a raft, as Karen Armstrong explains in &lt;em&gt;Buddha&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;'Letting go' is one of the keynotes of the Buddha's teaching. The enlightened person did not grab or hold on to even the most authoritative instructions. Everything was transient and nothing lasted. Until his disciples recognised this in every fibre of their being, they would never reach Nirvana. Even his own teachings must be jettisoned, once they had done their job. He once compared them to a raft, telling the story of a traveller who had come to a great expanse of water and desperately needed to get across. There was no bridge, no ferry, so he built a raft and rowed himself across the river. But then, the Buddha would ask his audeince, what should the traveller do with the raft? Shoudl he decide that because it had been so helpful to him, he should load it onto his back and lug it around with him wherever he went? Or should he simply moor it and continue his journey? The answer was obvious. 'In just the same way, &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;bhikkhus&lt;/span&gt;, my teachings are like a raft, to be used to cross the river and not to be held on to,' the Buddha concluded. 'If you understand their raft-like nature correctly, you will even give up good teachings (&lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;dhamma&lt;/span&gt;), not to mention bad ones!' His Dhamma was wholly pragmatic. Its task was not to issue infallible definitions or to satisfy a disciple's intellectual curiosity about metaphysical questions. Its sole purpose was to enable people to get across the river of pain to the 'further shore.' His job was to relieve suffering and help his disciples attain the peace of Nirvana. Anything that did not serve that end was of no importance whatsoever.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5327524787199688275?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5327524787199688275/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5327524787199688275' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5327524787199688275'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5327524787199688275'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/11/ladder-as-raft.html' title='The Ladder as a Raft'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2360998489944095688</id><published>2009-09-09T22:12:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2009-09-09T22:14:09.570+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Nabokov on Literature and Lolita</title><content type='html'>From Nabokov's postscript to &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Lolita&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Although everybody should know that I detest symbols and allegories (which is due partly to my old feud with Freudian voodooism and partly to my loathing of generalisations devised by literary mythists and sociologists)...&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And later:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;I presume there exist readers who find titillating the display of mural words in those hopelessly banal and enormous novels which are typed out by the thumbs of tense mediocrities and called "powerful" and "stark" by the reviewing hack. There are gentle souls who would pronounce &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Lolita&lt;/span&gt; meaningless because it does not teach them anything. I am neither a reader nor a writer of didactic fiction, and, despite John Ray's assertion, &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Lolita&lt;/span&gt; has no moral in tow. For me a work of fiction exists only insofar as it affords me what I shall bluntly call aesthetic bliss, that is a sense of being somehow, somewhere, connected with other states of being where art (curiosity, tenderness, kindness, ecstasy) is the norm. There are not many such books. All the rest is either topical trash or what some call the Ltierature of Ideas, which very often is topical trash coming in huge blocks of plaster that are carefully transmitted from age to age until somebody comes along with a hammer and takes a good crack at Balzac, at Gorki, at Mann.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2360998489944095688?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2360998489944095688/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2360998489944095688' title='7 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2360998489944095688'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2360998489944095688'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/09/nabokov-on-literature-and-lolita.html' title='Nabokov on Literature and Lolita'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>7</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5296923637727486453</id><published>2009-08-27T19:44:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-27T19:46:56.582+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='heidegger'/><title type='text'>Heidegger on Technological Thinking</title><content type='html'>Not sure from where originally, but I read it on the last page of Michael Watts's &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;A Beginner's Guide to Heidegger&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;The approaching tide of technological revolution in the atomic age could so captivate, bewitch, dazzle and beguile man that calculative thinking may someday come to be accepted &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;as the only way&lt;/span&gt; of thinking.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5296923637727486453?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5296923637727486453/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5296923637727486453' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5296923637727486453'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5296923637727486453'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/heidegger-on-technological-thinking.html' title='Heidegger on Technological Thinking'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-9181610553761827569</id><published>2009-08-14T16:16:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-14T16:18:28.984+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Music and that phrase of Vinteuil's</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the original translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;He knew that his memory of the piano falsified still further the perspective in which he saw the music, that the field open to the musician is not a miserable stave of seven notes, but an immeasurable keyboard (still, almost all of it, unknown), on which, here and there only, separated by the gross darkness of its unexplored tracts, some few among the millions of keys, keys of tenderness, of passion, of courage, of serenity, which compose it, each one differing from all the rest as one universe differs from another, have been discovered by certain great artists who do us the service, when they awaken in us the emotion corresponding to the theme which they have found, of shewing us what richness, what variety lies hidden, unknown to us, in that great black impenetrable night, discouraging exploration, of our soul, which we have been content to regard as valueless and waste and void. Vinteuil had been one of those musicians. In his little phrase, albeit it presented to the mind's eye a clouded surface, there was contained, one felt, a matter so consistent, so explicit, to which the phrase gave so new, so original a force, that those who had once heard it preserved the memory of it in the treasure-chamber of their minds. Swann would repair to it as to a conception of love and happiness, of which at once he knew as well in what respects it was peculiar as he would know of the Princesse de Clèves, or of René, should either of those titles occur to him. Even when he was not thinking of the little phrase, it existed, latent, in his mind, in the same way as certain other conceptions without material equivalent, such as our notions of light, of sound, of perspective, of bodily desire, the rich possessions wherewith our inner temple is diversified and adorned. Perhaps we shall lose them, perhaps they will be obliterated, if we return to nothing in the dust. But so long as we are alive, we can no more bring ourselves to a state in which we shall not have known them than we can with regard to any material object, than we can, for example, doubt the luminosity of a lamp that has just been lighted, in view of the changed aspect of everything in the room, from which has vanished even the memory of the darkness. In that way Vinteuil's phrase, like some theme, say, in Tristan, which represents to us also a certain acquisition of sentiment, has espoused our mortal state, had endued a vesture of humanity that was affecting enough. Its destiny was linked, for the future, with that of the human soul, of which it was one of the special, the most distinctive ornaments. Perhaps it is not-being that is the true state, and all our dream of life is without existence; but, if so, we feel that it must be that these phrases of music, these conceptions which exist in relation to our dream, are nothing either. We shall perish, but we have for our hostages these divine captives who shall follow and share our fate. And death in their company is something less bitter, less inglorious, perhaps even less certain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So Swann was not mistaken in believing that the phrase of the sonata did, really, exist. Human as it was from this point of view, it belonged, none the less, to an order of supernatural creatures whom we have never seen, but whom, in spite of that, we recognise and acclaim with rapture when some explorer of the unseen contrives to coax one forth, to bring it down from that divine world to which he has access to shine for a brief moment in the firmament of ours. This was what Vinteuil had done for the little phrase. Swann felt that the composer had been content (with the musical instruments at his disposal) to draw aside its veil, to make it visible, following and respecting its outlines with a hand so loving, so prudent, so delicate and so sure, that the sound altered at every moment, blunting itself to indicate a shadow, springing back into life when it must follow the curve of some more bold projection. And one proof that Swann was not mistaken when he believed in the real existence of this phrase, was that anyone with an ear at all delicate for music would at once have detected the imposture had Vinteuil, endowed with less power to see and to render its forms, sought to dissemble (by adding a line, here and there, of his own invention) the dimness of his vision or the feebleness of his hand.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-9181610553761827569?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/9181610553761827569/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=9181610553761827569' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/9181610553761827569'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/9181610553761827569'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/proust-on-music-and-that-phrase-of.html' title='Proust on Music and that phrase of Vinteuil&apos;s'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2182276378918248765</id><published>2009-08-14T16:14:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-14T16:15:58.797+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Intellectualism</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the original translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;There was, at this dinner, besides the usual party, a professor from the Sorbonne, one Brichot, who had met M. and Mme. Verdurin at a watering-place somewhere, and, if his duties at the university and his other works of scholarship had not left him with very little time to spare, would gladly have come to them more often. For he had that curiosity, that superstitious outlook on life, which, combined with a certain amount of scepticism with regard to the object of their studies, earn for men of intelligence, whatever their profession, for doctors who do not believe in medicine, for schoolmasters who do not believe in Latin exercises, the reputation of having broad, brilliant, and indeed superior minds. He affected, when at Mme. Verdurin's, to choose his illustrations from among the most topical subjects of the day, when he spoke of philosophy or history, principally because he regarded those sciences as no more, really, than a preparation for life itself, and imagined that he was seeing put into practice by the 'little clan' what hitherto he had known only from books; and also, perhaps, because, having had drilled into him as a boy, and having unconsciously preserved, a feeling of reverence for certain subjects, he thought that he was casting aside the scholar's gown when he ventured to treat those subjects with a conversational licence, which seemed so to him only because the folds of the gown still clung.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2182276378918248765?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2182276378918248765/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2182276378918248765' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2182276378918248765'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2182276378918248765'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/proust-on-intellectualism.html' title='Proust on Intellectualism'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8282198372441984556</id><published>2009-08-14T16:02:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-14T16:03:48.812+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Fashion</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the original translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Nor could she understand Swann's continuing to live in his house on the Quai d'Orléans, which, though she dared not tell him so, she considered unworthy of him.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It was true that she claimed to be fond of 'antiques,' and used to assume a rapturous and knowing air when she confessed how she loved to spend the whole day 'rummaging' in second-hand shops, hunting for 'bric-à-brac,' and things of the 'right date.' Although it was a point of honour, to which she obstinately clung, as though obeying some old family custom, that she should never answer any questions, never give any account of what she did during the daytime, she spoke to Swann once about a friend to whose house she had been invited, and had found that everything in it was 'of the period.' Swann could not get her to tell him what 'period' it was. Only after thinking the matter over she replied that it was 'mediaeval'; by which she meant that the walls were panelled. Some time later she spoke to him again of her friend, and added, in the hesitating but confident tone in which one refers to a person whom one has met somewhere, at dinner, the night before, of whom one had never heard until then, but whom one's hosts seemed to regard as some one so celebrated and important that one hopes that one's listener will know quite well who is meant, and will be duly impressed: "Her dining-room... is... eighteenth century!" Incidentally, she had thought it hideous, all bare, as though the house were still unfinished; women looked frightful in it, and it would never become the fashion. She mentioned it again, a third time, when she shewed Swann a card with the name and address of the man who had designed the dining-room, and whom she wanted to send for, when she had enough money, to see whether he could not do one for her too; not one like that, of course, but one of the sort she used to dream of, one which, unfortunately, her little house would not be large enough to contain, with tall sideboards, Renaissance furniture and fireplaces like the Château at Blois. It was on this occasion that she let out to Swann what she really thought of his abode on the Quai d'Orléans; he having ventured the criticism that her friend had indulged, not in the Louis XVI style, for, he went on, although that was not, of course, done, still it might be made charming, but in the 'Sham-Antique.'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"You wouldn't have her live, like you, among a lot of broken-down chairs and threadbare carpets!" she exclaimed, the innate respectability of the middle-class housewife rising impulsively to the surface through the acquired dilettantism of the 'light woman.'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;People who enjoyed 'picking-up' things, who admired poetry, despised sordid calculations of profit and loss, and nourished ideals of honour and love, she placed in a class by themselves, superior to the rest of humanity. There was no need actually to have those tastes, provided one talked enough about them; when a man had told her at dinner that he loved to wander about and get his hands all covered with dust in the old furniture shops, that he would never be really appreciated in this commercial age, since he was not concerned about the things that interested it, and that he belonged to another generation altogether, she would come home saying: "Why, he's an adorable creature; so sensitive! I had no idea," and she would conceive for him a strong and sudden friendship. But, on the other hand, men who, like Swann, had these tastes but did not speak of them, left her cold. She was obliged, of course, to admit that Swann was most generous with his money, but she would add, pouting: "It's not the same thing, you see, with him," and, as a matter of fact, what appealed to her imagination was not the practice of disinterestedness, but its vocabulary.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8282198372441984556?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8282198372441984556/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8282198372441984556' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8282198372441984556'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8282198372441984556'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/proust-on-fashion.html' title='Proust on Fashion'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8576419562405837043</id><published>2009-08-14T15:59:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-14T16:00:00.228+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Memory and the Recreation of Events</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the original translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;And so I would often lie until morning, dreaming of the old days at Combray, of my melancholy and wakeful evenings there; of other days besides, the memory of which had been more lately restored to me by the taste—by what would have been called at Combray the 'perfume'—-of a cup of tea; and, by an association of memories, of a story which, many years after I had left the little place, had been told me of a love affair in which Swann had been involved before I was born; with that accuracy of detail which it is easier, often, to obtain when we are studying the lives of people who have been dead for centuries than when we are trying to chronicle those of our own most intimate friends, an accuracy which it seems as impossible to attain as it seemed impossible to speak from one town to another, before we learned of the contrivance by which that impossibility has been overcome. All these memories, following one after another, were condensed into a single substance, but had not so far coalesced that I could not discern between the three strata, between my oldest, my instinctive memories, those others, inspired more recently by a taste or 'perfume,' and those which were actually the memories of another, from whom I had acquired them at second hand—no fissures, indeed, no geological faults, but at least those veins, those streaks of colour which in certain rocks, in certain marbles, point to differences of origin, age, and formation.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8576419562405837043?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8576419562405837043/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8576419562405837043' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8576419562405837043'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8576419562405837043'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/proust-on-memory-and-recreation-of.html' title='Proust on Memory and the Recreation of Events'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4190643613835303906</id><published>2009-08-14T15:54:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-14T15:56:16.180+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Proust'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust on Love</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Swann's Way&lt;/span&gt;, the original translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Some time after this introduction at the theatre she had written to ask Swann whether she might see his collections, which would interest her so much, she, "an ignorant woman with a taste for beautiful things," saying that she would know him better when once she had seen him in his 'home,' where she imagined him to be "so comfortable with his tea and his books"; although she had not concealed her surprise at his being in that part of the town, which must be so depressing, and was "not nearly smart enough for such a very smart man." And when he allowed her to come she had said to him as she left how sorry she was to have stayed so short a time in a house into which she was so glad to have found her way at last, speaking of him as though he had meant something more to her than the rest of the people she knew, and appearing to unite their two selves with a kind of romantic bond which had made him smile. But at the time of life, tinged already with disenchantment, which Swann was approaching, when a man can content himself with being in love for the pleasure of loving without expecting too much in return, this linking of hearts, if it is no longer, as in early youth, the goal towards which love, of necessity, tends, still is bound to love by so strong an association of ideas that it may well become the cause of love if it presents itself first. In his younger days a man dreams of possessing the heart of the woman whom he loves; later, the feeling that he possesses the heart of a woman may be enough to make him fall in love with her. And 50, at an age when it would appear—since one seeks in love before everything else a subjective pleasure—that the taste for feminine beauty must play the larger part in its procreation, love may come into being, love of the most physical order, without any foundation in desire. At this time of life a man has already been wounded more than once by the darts of love; it no longer evolves by itself, obeying its own incomprehensible and fatal laws, before his passive and astonished heart. We come to its aid; we falsify it by memory and by suggestion; recognising one of its symptoms we recall and recreate the rest. Since we possess its hymn, engraved on our hearts in its entirety, there is no need of any woman to repeat the opening lines, potent with the admiration which her beauty inspires, for us to remember all that follows. And if she begin in the middle, where it sings of our existing, henceforward, for one another only, we are well enough attuned to that music to be able to take it up and follow our partner, without hesitation, at the first pause in her voice.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4190643613835303906?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4190643613835303906/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4190643613835303906' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4190643613835303906'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4190643613835303906'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/proust-on-love.html' title='Proust on Love'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1373311819494719801</id><published>2009-08-03T01:20:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-08-03T01:20:53.770+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Thucydides v Plato according to Nietzsche</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Twilight of the Idols&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;What I Owe to the Ancients&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;For the deplorable embellishment of the Greeks with the colours of the ideal which the 'classically educated' youth carries away with him into life as the reward of his grammar-school drilling there is no more radical cure than Thucydides&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1373311819494719801?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1373311819494719801/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1373311819494719801' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1373311819494719801'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1373311819494719801'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/08/thucydides-v-plato-according-to.html' title='Thucydides v Plato according to Nietzsche'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-287155833143656291</id><published>2009-07-29T14:57:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-29T14:59:22.752+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Man, not God</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;The Four Great Errors&lt;/span&gt; in &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Twilight of the Idols&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;8. What alone can be our doctrine? That no one gives a man his qualities — neither God, nor society, nor his parents and ancestors, nor he himself. (The nonsense of the last idea was taught as "intelligible freedom" by Kant — and perhaps by Plato.) No one is responsible for a man's being here at all, for his being such-and-such, or for his being in these circumstances or in this environment. The fatality of his existence is not to be disentangled from the fatality of all that has been and will be. Human beings are not the effect of some special purpose, or will, or end; nor are they a medium through which society can realize an "ideal of humanity" or an "ideal of happiness" or an "ideal of morality." It is absurd to wish to devolve one's essence on some end or other. We have invented the concept of "end": in reality there is no end.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A man is necessary, a man is a piece of fatefulness, a man belongs to the whole, a man is in the whole; there is nothing that could judge, measure, compare, or sentence his being, for that would mean judging, measuring, comparing, or sentencing the whole. But there is nothing besides the whole. That nobody is held responsible any longer, that the mode of being may not be traced back to a primary cause, that the world does not form a unity either as a sensorium or as "spirit" — that alone is the great liberation. With that idea alone we absolve our becoming of any guilt. The concept of "God" was until now the greatest objection to existence. We deny God, we deny the responsibility that originates from God: and thereby we redeem the world.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-287155833143656291?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/287155833143656291/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=287155833143656291' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/287155833143656291'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/287155833143656291'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/man-not-god.html' title='Man, not God'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4081960846310004757</id><published>2009-07-29T14:19:00.005+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-29T14:49:20.669+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Nietzsche on Free Will</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;The Four Great Errors&lt;/span&gt; in &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Twilight of the Idols&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;3. The error of a false causality. Humans have always believed that they knew what a cause was; but how did we get this knowledge — or more precisely, our faith that we had this knowledge? From the realm of the famous "inner facts," of which not a single one has so far turned out to be true. We believe that we are the cause of our own will: we think that here at least we can see a cause at work. Nor did we doubt that all the antecedents of our will, its causes, were to be found in our own consciousness or in our personal "motives." Otherwise, we would not be responsible for what we choose to do. Who would deny that his thoughts have a cause, and that his own mind caused the thoughts?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Of these "inward facts" that seem to demonstrate causality, the primary and most persuasive one is that of the will as cause. The idea of consciousness ("spirit") or, later, that of the ego (the "subject") as a cause are only afterbirths: first the causality of the will was firmly accepted as proved, as a fact, and these other concepts followed from it.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But we have reservations about these concepts. Today we no longer believe any of this is true. The "inner world" is full of phantoms and illusions: the will being one of them. The will no longer moves anything, hence it does not explain anything — it merely accompanies events; it can also be completely absent. The so-called motives: another error. Merely a surface phenomenon of consciousness, something shadowing the deed that is more likely to hide the causes of our actions than to reveal them. And as for the ego ... that has become a fable, a fiction, a play on words! It has altogether ceased to think, feel, or will!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;What follows from this? There are no mental causes at all. The whole of the allegedly empirical evidence for mental causes has gone out the window. That is what follows! And what a nice delusion we had perpetrated with this "empirical evidence;" we interpreted the real world as a world of causes, a world of wills, a world of spirits. The most ancient and enduring psychology was at work here: it simply interpreted everything that happened in the world as an act, as the effect of a will; the world was inhabited with a multiplicity of wills; an agent (a "subject") was slipped under the surface of events. It was out of himself that man projected his three most unquestioned "inner facts" — the will, the spirit, the ego. He even took the concept of being from the concept of the ego; he interpreted "things" as "being" in accordance with his concept of the ego as a cause. Small wonder that later he always found in things what he had already put into them. The thing itself, the concept of thing is a mere extension of the faith in the ego as cause. And even your atom, my dear materialists and physicists — how much error, how much rudimentary psychology still resides in your atom! Not to mention the "thing-in-itself," the horrendum pudendum of metaphysicians! The "spirit as cause" mistaken for reality! And made the very measure of reality! And called God!&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4081960846310004757?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4081960846310004757/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4081960846310004757' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4081960846310004757'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4081960846310004757'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/nietzsche-on-free-will.html' title='Nietzsche on Free Will'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6417591021092061827</id><published>2009-07-28T18:35:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-28T18:38:07.807+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Punning, Alice and Addison</title><content type='html'>Here's a delightful quote by some guy called Addison on punning that I discovered in the introduction to &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Alice's Adventures in Wonderland&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;There is no kind of false wit which has been so recommended by the practice of all ages, as that which consists of the jingle of words, and is comprehended under the general name of punning. It is indeed impossible to kill a weed, which the soil has a natural dispositon to produce. The seeds of punning are in the minds of all men, and though they may be subdued by reason, reflection and good sense, they will be very apt to shoot up in the greatest genius, that is not broken and cultivated by the rules of art.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6417591021092061827?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6417591021092061827/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6417591021092061827' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6417591021092061827'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6417591021092061827'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/punning-alice-and-addison.html' title='Punning, Alice and Addison'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8878505320998928764</id><published>2009-07-28T11:02:00.004+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-28T11:14:01.091+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Nietzsche and the Art of Insightful, Unhinged Polemic</title><content type='html'>Nietzsche is the most entertaining of philosophers, and certainly very insightful, but it frightens me to think that philosophical neophytes might start with him and be taken in by some of his unhinged polemics. Insight blighted -- and made entertaining -- by unhinged polemic such as this from Hollingdale's translation of &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Twilight of the Idols&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;1. In every age the wisest have passed the identical judgement on life: &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;it is worthless&lt;/span&gt;... Everywhere and always their mouths have uttered the same sound -- a sound full of doubt, full of melancholy, full of weariness with life, full of opposition to life. Even Socrates said as he died: "To Live -- that means to be a long time sick: I owe a cock to the saviour Asclepius". Even Socrates had had enough of it. -- What does that &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;prove&lt;/span&gt;? What does it &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;point to&lt;/span&gt;? -- Formerly one would have said (-- oh, and did say, and loudly enough, and our pessimists most of all!): "Here at any rate there must be something true! The &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;consensus sapientium&lt;/span&gt; is proof of truth." -- Shall we still speak thus today? are we &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;allowed&lt;/span&gt; to do so? "Here at any rate there must be something &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;sick&lt;/span&gt;" -- this is &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;our&lt;/span&gt; retort: one ought to take a closer look at them, these wisest of every age! Were they all of them perhaps no longer steady on their legs? belated? tottery? &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;decadents&lt;/span&gt;? Does wisdom perhaps appear on earth as a raven which is inspired by the smell of carrion?...&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And then:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;3. Socrates belonged, in his origins, to the lowest orders: Socrates was rabble. One knows, one sees for oneself, how ugly he was. But ugliness, an objection in itself, is among Greeks almost a refutation. Was Socrates a Greek at all? Ugliness is frequently enough the sign of a thwarted development, a development &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;retarded&lt;/span&gt; by interbreeding. Otherwise it appears as a development in &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;decline&lt;/span&gt;. Anthropologists among criminologists tell us the typical criminal is ugly: &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;monstrum in fronte, monstrum in animo&lt;/span&gt;. But the criminal is a decadent. Was Socrates a typical criminal? -- At least that famous physiognomist's opinion which Socreates' friends found so objectionable would not contradict this idea. A foreigner passing through Athens who knew how to read faces told Socrates to his face that he &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;was a monstrum&lt;/span&gt; -- that he contained within him every kind of foul vice and lust. And Socrates answered merely: "You know me, sir!" --&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8878505320998928764?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8878505320998928764/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8878505320998928764' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8878505320998928764'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8878505320998928764'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/nietzsche-and-art-of-insightful.html' title='Nietzsche and the Art of Insightful, Unhinged Polemic'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2260249795553873749</id><published>2009-07-27T21:19:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-28T11:16:31.685+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Madox Ford and The Good Soldier</title><content type='html'>From Ford Madox Ford's &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;The Gold Soldier&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;I&lt;br /&gt;suppose that my inner soul--my dual  personality--had realized long before that Florence was a personality of  paper--that she represented a real human being with a heart, with feelings,  with sympathies and with emotions only as a bank-note represents a certain  quantity of gold. I know that sort of feeling came to the&lt;br /&gt;surface in me the  moment the man Bagshawe told me that he had seen her coming out of that  fellow's bedroom. I thought suddenly that she wasn't real; she was just a  mass of talk out of guidebooks, of drawings out of fashion-plates. It is  even possible that, if that feeling had not possessed me, I should have run  up sooner to her&lt;br /&gt;room and might have prevented her drinking the prussic  acid. But I just couldn't do it; it would have been like chasing a scrap of paper--an occupation ignoble for a grown man.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2260249795553873749?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2260249795553873749/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2260249795553873749' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2260249795553873749'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2260249795553873749'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/madox-ford-and-good-soldier.html' title='Madox Ford and The Good Soldier'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5127505611806221044</id><published>2009-07-27T18:01:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-27T18:22:50.334+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Liberalism and Potentialities</title><content type='html'>In Dewey's essay, &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Philosophies of Freedom&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;(the real fallacy of classical liberalism) lies in the notion that individuals have such a native or original endowment of rights, powers, and wants that all that is required on the side of institutions and laws is to eliminate the obsctructions they offer to the "free" play of the natural equipment of individuals. The removal of obstructions did have aliberating effect upon such individuals as were antecedently possessed of the means, intellectual and economic, to take advantage of the changed social conditions, but left all others at the mercy of the new social conditions brought about by the free powers of those advantageously situated. The notion that men are equally free to act if only the same legal arrangements apply equally to all -- irrespective of differences in education, and command of capital, and that control of the social environment which is furnished by the institution of property -- is a pure absurdity, as facts have demonstrated. Since actual, that is effective, rights and demands are products of interactions and are not found in the original and isolated constitution of human nautre, whether moral or psychological, mere elimintation of obstructions is not enough. The latter merely liberates fortce and ability as it happens to be distributed by past accidents of history. This "free" action operates disastrously as far as the many are concerned. The only possible conclusion, both intellectually and practically, is that the attainment of freedom conceived as power to act in accord with choice turns upon positive and constructive changes in social arrangements.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5127505611806221044?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5127505611806221044/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5127505611806221044' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5127505611806221044'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5127505611806221044'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/liberalism-and-potentialities.html' title='Liberalism and Potentialities'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3538377563276377165</id><published>2009-07-22T22:05:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2009-07-22T22:07:24.388+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Mary Warnock on Thinking</title><content type='html'>From the chapter &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Materialism and Relativism&lt;/span&gt; in Hilary Putnam's &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Renewing Philosophy&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Mary Warnock once said that Sartre gave us not arguments or proofs but "a description so clear and vivid that when I thinhnk of his description and fit it to my own case, I cannot fail to see its application." It seems to me that this is a very good description of what Wittgenstein was doing, not just in the private language argument, but over and over again in his work.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3538377563276377165?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3538377563276377165/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3538377563276377165' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3538377563276377165'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3538377563276377165'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/07/mary-warnock-on-thinking.html' title='Mary Warnock on Thinking'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7393176228069740922</id><published>2009-06-09T17:41:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2009-06-09T18:05:57.158+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>George Eliot is a Wonder</title><content type='html'>From chapter 68 of &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Middlemarch&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;For Bulstrode shrank from a direct lie with an intensity disproportionate to the number of his direct misdeeds. But many of those misdeeds were like the subtle muscular movements which are not taken account of in the consciousness, though they&lt;br /&gt;bring about the end that we fix our mind on and desire. And it is only what we are naively conscious of that we can vividly imagine to be seen by Omniscience.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7393176228069740922?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7393176228069740922/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7393176228069740922' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7393176228069740922'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7393176228069740922'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/06/george-eliot-is-wonder.html' title='George Eliot is a Wonder'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4634419374572599248</id><published>2009-05-06T03:54:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2009-05-06T03:59:33.605+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Slang and Poetry</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Middlemarch&lt;/span&gt; really is full of fantastic epigrams. This one comes from the eleventh chapter:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;"Are you beginning to dislike slang, then?" said Rosamond, with mild gravity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Only the wrong sort. All choice of words is slang. It marks a class."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"This is correct English: that is not slang."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I beg your pardon: correct English is the slang of prigs who write history and essays. And the strongest slang of all is the slang of poets"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"You will say anything, Fred, to gain your point."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Well, tell me whether it is slang or poetry to call an ox a &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;leg-plaiter&lt;/span&gt;."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Of course you can call it poetry if you like."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Aha, Miss Rosy, you don't know Homer from slang. I shall invent a new game; I shall write bits of slang and poetry on slips, and give them to you to separate."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Dear me, how amusing it is to hear young people talk!" said Mrs Vincy, with cheerful admiration.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4634419374572599248?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4634419374572599248/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4634419374572599248' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4634419374572599248'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4634419374572599248'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/05/slang-and-poetry.html' title='Slang and Poetry'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7985346178437686263</id><published>2009-05-05T17:59:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2009-05-05T18:02:00.909+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Punctuation and a Lack of Red</title><content type='html'>From Chapter 8 in &lt;em&gt;Middlemarch&lt;/em&gt;, concerning Casaubon:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;'He has got no good red blood in his body,' said Sir James.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'No. Somebody put a drop under a magnifying glass, and it was all semi-colons and parentheses,' said Mrs Cadwallader.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7985346178437686263?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7985346178437686263/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7985346178437686263' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7985346178437686263'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7985346178437686263'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/05/punctuation-and-lack-of-red.html' title='Punctuation and a Lack of Red'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3981787266809415695</id><published>2009-02-18T21:32:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2009-02-18T22:00:24.473+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Indonesia'/><title type='text'>Oneness and Javanese Mysticism</title><content type='html'>More from Niels Mulder:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Javanese mystical thinking, at least the variety that is known as &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;ngelmu kasampurnan&lt;/span&gt;, the 'science' of perfection, is a way to unity, or, if alternately interpreted, an escape from diversity. It views the mystical path from the bottom upwards and begins with the individual life situation that is characterised by outer (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;lair&lt;/span&gt;) aspects, such as having a body, five sense, lust, cravings and rationality, and refined qualities, such as the sixth sense, or intuition (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;rasa&lt;/span&gt;); and also a secret inner core (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;batin&lt;/span&gt;) that harbours a spark of one's origin in &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Hyang Suksma&lt;/span&gt;, 'God', or the All-Soul.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The mystical quest aims to subdue the complexity of the material conditions of passions and desires, or corporal drives and planning, by overcoming it, by reducing it to irrelevance. The ordinary situation of life is confusing and an obstacle to developing a stable, strong &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;batin&lt;/span&gt;, and a refined, sensitive &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;rasa&lt;/span&gt;. Needless to say, this requires discipline, ascetic and concentration exercises, isolation and meditation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To follow this path is by no means easy, not only because of the strength of one's drives and the demans of everyday life, but also because it seems to be well provided with pitfalls, obstacles and temptations. It is like travelling through the jungle where the right path is often unclear, where wood-nymphs and fauns may lead one astray, and where spirits and magical forces may pose as friends and deceive the traveller in his purpose, namely, to seek guidance from and ultimately unification with 'God'.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To engage in pure mysticism is to seek perfection, is to attune oneself to the divine, to the force of life that animates all, and is fuelled by the desire to reach one's origin, to fuse with one's origin and destination, to reunite with the All-Soul, to be fully in step with Life, not only to be guided by its inspiration but to experience mystical union, the joining of mystical servant and Master (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;manunggaling kawula-Gusti&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this way of thinking, the mystical adept seeks a oneness that negates differences, that has overcome diversity. Through the exercise of his inner attributes, &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;batin&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;rasa&lt;/span&gt;, they expand, as it were, dominating the visible aspects of life and relegating them to irrelevance. The unity sought after is fusion with the Master, representing the peak, the centre, and the all, one's origin and destiny, a reunion in which the self disappears. Diverse identity and the complexities of life have been conquered, perfection has been reached.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From these two examples it becomes clear that oneness is, on the one hand, an ideal state worth striving after, and, on the other, a hierarchical notion, superior and antagonistic to diversity. In this idea of unity diversity disappears. One has to prevail over the others, man over woman, Pendawa over Kurawa (the epic factions that stand for righteousness and disorder respectively), king over subjects, &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Gusti&lt;/span&gt; over &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;kawala&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To the Javanese mind, achieving oneness is a noble endeavour that has very little to do with harmony among opposite principles, or tolerance of diversity. The group, society, is one with the king; individual is one with the group; and these ideas also colour conceptions of leadership and social order. So, what to some appears as military and dictatorial thought is a concept that also finds strong support in the culture. To be able to grasp diversity is very difficult in this mind set, that always seeks to synthesise, to subdue the variety that is recognised as threatening and chaotic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is, therefore, nothing wrong in enforcing conformity, because conformity is a sign of good order, of 'harmony'. At the national day of the press, the army commander observes that the press should be one with the army, should voice the same opinion (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;sependapat&lt;/span&gt;). Village heads issue arbitrary orders, even conduct political censuses, and expect the population to follow suit, to conform. Also, Samin villagers, who are thought to be notoriously obstinate in sticking to their own customs and thinking, in which marriage is their most sacred and meaningful institution, are forced &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;en masse&lt;/span&gt; to remarry according to the rites of one of the five recognised religions -- in this case Buddhism -- under the threat of being exiled to somewhere in the Outer Islands, a fate that befell their original spiritual leader, Surontiko Samin.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3981787266809415695?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3981787266809415695/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3981787266809415695' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3981787266809415695'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3981787266809415695'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/02/more-from-niels-mulder-javanese.html' title='Oneness and Javanese Mysticism'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-259374380444532405</id><published>2009-02-18T21:06:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2009-02-18T21:24:41.166+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Indonesia'/><title type='text'>Ethics in Indonesia</title><content type='html'>From &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Inside Indonesian Society&lt;/span&gt; by Niels Mulder (pp. 96-98):&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Oneness in the sense of unity means good order, smooth relationships, the absense of disturbance; it menas harmony and comformity, a static state that is calm and pleasing. It is a sign of mastery. The contrary situation, disunity, means conflict and strife, opposition and unruliness. It is mastery lost, unpleasant, exciting and wild. It is graceless.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Things should be presented in fine order, be accomplished gracefully and elegantly executed. Such smoothness, such refinement, such elegance, or grace is &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;alus&lt;/span&gt;. It is culture at its best. And so it is &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;alus&lt;/span&gt; to demonstrate mastery and to speak High Javanese well, to be aware of etiquette, to have fine manners and a modest bearing. These are the marks of a civilised person, reflecting his inner discipline and calm. His accomplished self-presentation adorns the word, makes it a more beautiful, a better place. Such a person is good.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Alus&lt;/span&gt; contrasts with &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;kasar&lt;/span&gt;; this latter is the absence of good mannerrs, the stir of monkeys, the turmoil of emotions, the lack of education, the pretension of clowns, the threat of 'communists', the straight-forwardness of criticism, the rebelliousness of diagreement, the openness of conflict, and the lack of diplomacy. UNtamed is &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;kasar&lt;/span&gt;, is closeness to nature, while falling short in civilisation.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The imposition of order is good in itself, because order is what should be. To do so, power is needed, be it the power of self-discipline to achieve inner calm, or the power to make others follow and obey. The exercise of it can be &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;alus&lt;/span&gt;, as in the image of the exemplary leader whose charisma commands spontaneous submission, or gross, such as firing into crowds of unarmed demonstrators.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This latter habit is quite widespread in the Southeast Asian region, massacres -- whether at Mendiola or on the island of Negros, on Rajdamnoen or at Thammasat, in Dili, the Lampongs, or Tanjungpriok -- apparently being a ready means to compel obedience, and the serene order of the cemetery. The violence is warranted, because rebellious behaviour is disgraceful, is questioning the authority of the 'legally' constituted sovereign governmnet, is an offence and gross behaviour.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The end justifies the means, although it is better if the means are &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;alus&lt;/span&gt; too. Mysterious murders are therefore far more acceptable, and the eradication of a Sumbawan village attracted so little publicity that the insult of disagreement did not lead to the injury of loss of face. Yet, basically, these violent means are felt to be suitable for dealing with &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;kasar&lt;/span&gt; people, who can only be reined in by force because that is the only thing they seem to understand.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Command can be &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;alus&lt;/span&gt; too, a compelling hint, a polite appeal (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;imbauan&lt;/span&gt;) that nobody will ignore refuse. And if, in civil society, people still politely protest by signing a petition, by declaring themselves presidential candidates, or by voicing displeasing opinions while abroad, then  means will be mobilised. Perhaps their relative will be dismissed from their jobs, or be refused access to the university; perhaps they find that they cannot open a bank account or are found ineligible to obtain credit; maybe they suddenly find that former associates are avoiding them, and that they cannot get a passport if they want to travel. In extreme cases they will be promoted to the status of &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;doctorandus&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Drs&lt;/span&gt;., when they are placed under house arrest (&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;di-rumah-sajakan&lt;/span&gt;), or they may enjoy the full hospitality of the state in the prisons called &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Lembaga Permasyarakatan&lt;/span&gt;, or socialisation institutions, that should from their very name prepare inmates for re-entry into society at a point which, in all too many cases, appears to be located in the graveyard.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The more refined the better, both in the aesthetical and ethical senses. Order is not only a good, it is good as such. Good and beautiful belong together; to speak High Javanese is to speak good language, to obey one's parents is good behaviour, a sign of mature morality, and the less stir one causes makes one a more graceful and moral man. Conflict is disgusting and distasteful; it must be eradicated to restore the stillness of unity that is in itself the sign of ethically accomplished life.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-259374380444532405?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/259374380444532405/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=259374380444532405' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/259374380444532405'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/259374380444532405'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/02/from-inside-indonesian-society-by-niels.html' title='Ethics in Indonesia'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1609212938120946079</id><published>2009-02-02T13:34:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2009-02-02T13:38:21.242+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Indonesia'/><title type='text'>Balinese Leaders Leading by Example</title><content type='html'>If only Bush et al had done the same thing, from Adrian Vickers' &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;A History of Modern Indonesia&lt;/span&gt;, p. 14:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Two expeditions were sent to conquer the rulers of South Bali. When one of the South Balinese kings let his subjects claim the contents of a ship wrecked on his shores, the Dutch argued that international shipping rights had not been protected and consequently launched an invasion in 1906. The justification for a second action in 1908 was that Bali had become a major centre of opium smuggling. In both cases the results were spectacular but appalling. Rather than surrender their independence, the Balinese kings, queens, princes, princesses and their followers armed themselves with swords and spears to face the Dutch forces. Dressed in ceremonial white, they marched into a barrage of Dutch bullets and cannons where death was bloody, brutal and certain. A total of over 1,300 of the ruling class and their servants died in these actions that the Balinese still speak about today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1609212938120946079?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1609212938120946079/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1609212938120946079' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1609212938120946079'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1609212938120946079'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/02/balinese-leaders-leading-by-example.html' title='Balinese Leaders Leading by Example'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3134437397716175353</id><published>2009-01-31T18:18:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2009-01-31T18:35:22.915+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Indonesia'/><title type='text'>Glossary of Indonesia Terms</title><content type='html'>The following from &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Indonesia's Secret War in Aceh&lt;/span&gt; by John Martinkus:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;ANSLF:&lt;/span&gt; Aceh North Sumatra Liberation Front&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Brimob: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Brigada Mobil&lt;/span&gt; - Indonesian riot police&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;DOM:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Daerah Operasi Militer&lt;/span&gt; -- area of military operation&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;ELSHAM:&lt;/span&gt; Institute for Human Rights Study and Advocacy West Papua&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Falintil:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Forcas Armadas de Libertação de Timor Leste&lt;/span&gt; (Armed forces for an independent East Timor)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Front Pulyamet Aceh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; Safe Aceh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;GAM: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Gerakan Aceh Merdeka&lt;/span&gt; -- Free Aceh Movement&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;ICRC:&lt;/span&gt; International Committee of the Red Cross&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;INTEL:&lt;/span&gt; Indonesian state intelligence, military, police or civilian&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;JSC: &lt;/span&gt;Joint Security Commission&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Kodim: &lt;/span&gt;Local Indonesian military command&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Kontras:&lt;/span&gt; Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Kopassus:&lt;/span&gt; Indonesian special forces&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Kopkamtib:&lt;/span&gt; Intelligence unit&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Kostrad:&lt;/span&gt; Indonesian army's strategic reserve&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;LBH: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Lembaga Bantuan Hukum&lt;/span&gt; -- Legal Aid Foundation&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;MPR:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Majelis Permusyawataran Rakyat&lt;/span&gt; -- People's Consultative Assembly (Indonesia's highest legislative body)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;NII: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Negara Islam Indonesia&lt;/span&gt; -- the Islamic State of Indonesia&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;NU: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Nahdlatul Ulama&lt;/span&gt; -- Muslim Scholar Organisation&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;OPM: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Organisasi Papua Merdeka&lt;/span&gt; -- Free Papua Movement&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;PBHAM:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Pas Bantuan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Aceh&lt;/span&gt; -- Human Rights and Legal Aid Office&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;PHIA:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Pemberdayaan Hareukat Inong Aceh&lt;/span&gt; -- Empowerment for Acehnese Women&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;PKF: &lt;/span&gt;United Nations Peacekeeping Force&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;PMI: &lt;/span&gt;Indonesian Red Cross&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Polri:  &lt;/span&gt;Republic of Indonesia Police -- Indonesian police&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;PUSA: &lt;/span&gt;Persatuan Ulama Seluruh Aceh -- All Aceh Religious Scholars' Association&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;RATA: &lt;/span&gt;Rehabilitation Action for Victims of Torture in Aceh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;SGI:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Satuan Gabungan Intelijen&lt;/span&gt; -- Indonesian Combat Intelligence Unit&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;SIRA:&lt;/span&gt; Aceh Referendum Information Centre&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;SMUR:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Solidaritas Mahasiswa Untuk Rakyat&lt;/span&gt; -- Student Solidarity for the People Movement&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;TAPOL:&lt;/span&gt; Indonesian human rights NGO&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;TNA:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Tentara Nasional Aceh&lt;/span&gt; -- National Army of Aceh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;TNI:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Tentara Nasional Indonesia&lt;/span&gt; -- Indonesian Regular Army&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;UNAMET:&lt;/span&gt; United Nations Assistance Mission in East Timor&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;UNHCR:&lt;/span&gt; United Nations High Commission for Refugees -- the UN Refugee Agency&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;UNTAET: &lt;/span&gt;United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3134437397716175353?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3134437397716175353/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3134437397716175353' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3134437397716175353'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3134437397716175353'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/01/glossary-of-indonesia-terms.html' title='Glossary of Indonesia Terms'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6092050312482187642</id><published>2009-01-28T18:58:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2009-01-28T19:01:25.718+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Indonesia'/><title type='text'>Indonesia and Sukarno</title><content type='html'>In &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Indonesian Destinies&lt;/span&gt; by Theodore Friend on page 17:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;To evoke the great range of character and characteristics of this nation that lives so markedly in the world of myth, I turn to a symbolic pairing whose source is Indian mythology, transformed by centuries of Javanese history. The pairing is of Durga, who stands for power, destruction, rage at man, and Umayi, who represents all that is gentle, feminine and beautiful. Durga appears in old Javanese sculptures as a many-weaponed warrior, female, adamant, Amazonian in her fearlessness. Umayi, not captured in stone, represents the soft, submissive and creative side of the same mighty character. Both are consort to the great god Siva. Umayi is his sweet and domestically fulfilled spouse; but by an ancient curse she is always transformable into her angry and vengeful opposite, Durga, with her appetite for war.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All his life Sukarno courted Indonesia as Umayi. He charmed and won her. She was faithful to him; and he, in his fashion, despite his petty mortal passions, was faithful to her. But in the end Sukarno had to face the reality that he was playing games with the gods. Eventually, the curse emerged, and Umayi was transformed into the dreadful Durga. Sukarno's rule went down, and with it the lives of half a million Indonesians. The romantic who had aroused the masses was reduced to an isolated, weeping wreck.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6092050312482187642?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6092050312482187642/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6092050312482187642' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6092050312482187642'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6092050312482187642'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/01/indonesia-and-sukarno.html' title='Indonesia and Sukarno'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6540823778825027664</id><published>2009-01-19T15:27:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2009-01-19T15:31:43.419+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='kant'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Science Versus Metaphysics/Philosophy</title><content type='html'>This excerpt from the introduction to the &lt;span style="font-style:italic;"&gt;Critique of Pure Reason&lt;/span&gt; should be plastered all over the walls of university departments that house cultural theorists and philosophers who consider science a collective illusion:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;But though it is older than all other sciences, and would survive even if all the rest were swallowed up in the abyss of an all-destroying barbarism, it has not yet had the good fortune to enter upon the secure path of a science. For in it reason is perpetually being brought to a stand, even when the laws into which it is seeking to have, as it professes, an a priori insight are those that are confirmed by our most common experiences. Ever and again we have to retrace our steps, as not leading us in the direction in which we desire to go. So far, too, are the students of metaphysics from exhibiting any kind of unanimity in their contentions, that metaphysics has rather to be regarded as a battleground quite peculiarly suited for those who desire to exercise themselves in mock combats, and in which no participant has ever yet succeeded in gaining even so much as an inch of territory, not at least in such manner as to secure him in its permanent possession. This shows, beyond all questioning, that the procedure of metaphysics has hitherto been a merely random groping, and, what is worst of all, a groping among mere concepts.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6540823778825027664?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6540823778825027664/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6540823778825027664' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6540823778825027664'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6540823778825027664'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2009/01/science-versus-metaphysicsphilosophy.html' title='Science Versus Metaphysics/Philosophy'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2287490142396801314</id><published>2008-09-05T20:17:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2008-09-05T20:27:55.265+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Theroux'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>How to Write a Travelogue</title><content type='html'>The first two paragraphs of the first page of Paul Theroux's &lt;em&gt;Dark Star Safari&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;All news out of Africa is bad. It made me want to go there, though not for the horror, the hot spots, the massacre-and-earthquake stories you read in the newspaper; I wanted the pleasure of being in Africa again. Feeling that the place was so large it contained many untold tales and some hope and comedy and sweetness, too -- feeling that there was more to Africa than misery and terror -- I aimed to reinsert myself in the &lt;em&gt;bundu&lt;/em&gt;, as we used to call the bush, and to wander the antique hinterland. There I had lived and worked, happily, almost forty years ago, in the heart of the greenest continent.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To skip ahead, I am writing this a year later, just back from Africa, having taken my long safari. I was mistaken in so much -- delayed, shot at, howled at, and robbed. No massacres or earthquakes, but terrific heat and the roads were terrible, the trains were derelict, forget the telephones. Exasperated white farmers said, 'It all went tits up!' Africa is materially more decrepit than it was when I first knew it -- hungrier, poorer, less educated, more pessimistic, more corrupt, and you can't tell the politicians from the witch-doctors. Africans, less esteemed than ever, seemed to me the most lied-to people on earth -- manipulated by their governments, burned by foreign experts, befooled by charities, and cheated at every turn. To be an African leader was to be a thief, but evangelists stole people's innocence and self-serving aid agencies gave them false hope, which seemed worse. In reply, Africans dragged their feet or tried to emigrate, they begged, they pleaded, they demanded money and gifts with a rude, weird sense of entitlement. Not that Africa is one place. It is an assortment of motley republics and seedy chiefdoms. I got sick, I got stranded but I was never bored: in fact, my trip was a delight and a revelation. Such a paragraph needs some explanation -- at least a book; this book perhaps.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2287490142396801314?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2287490142396801314/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2287490142396801314' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2287490142396801314'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2287490142396801314'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/09/how-to-write-travelogue.html' title='How to Write a Travelogue'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3612409873175992922</id><published>2008-07-24T22:46:00.004+10:00</published><updated>2008-07-24T22:54:04.992+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Nabokov on Linguistics</title><content type='html'>Hilarious and somewhat harsh assessment of linguistics from Nabokov's &lt;em&gt;Pnin&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;As a teacher, Pnin was far from being able to compete with those stupendous Russian ladies, scattered all over academic America, who, without having had any formal training at all, manage somehow, by dint of intuition, loquacity, and a kind of maternal bounce, to infuse a magic knowledge of their difficult and beautiful tongue into a group of innocent-eyed students in an atmosphere of Mother Volga songs, red caviare, and tea; nor did Pnin, as a teacher, ever presume to approach the lofty halls of modern scientific linguistics, that ascetic fraternity of phonemes, that temple wherein earnest young people are taught not the language itself, but the method of teaching others to teach that method; which method, like a waterfall splashing from rock to rock, ceases to be a medium of rational navigation but perhaps in some fabulous future may become instrumental in evolving esoteric dialects -- Basic Basque and so forth -- spoken only by certain elaborate machines.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3612409873175992922?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3612409873175992922/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3612409873175992922' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3612409873175992922'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3612409873175992922'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/07/nabokov-on-linguistics.html' title='Nabokov on Linguistics'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7654253667020940102</id><published>2008-07-24T15:45:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2008-07-24T15:50:05.258+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Nabokov on Literature</title><content type='html'>From &lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0156027755/ref=s9sims_c4_at2-rfc_g1?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&amp;pf_rd_s=center-1&amp;pf_rd_r=1AXSNX7RECDSY5QQXRPE&amp;pf_rd_t=101&amp;pf_rd_p=320448601&amp;pf_rd_i=507846"&gt;this Amazon page&lt;/a&gt; I found the following Nabokov line that he delivered in a lecture on literature:&lt;blockquote&gt;In this course I have tried to reveal the mechanism of those wonderful toys -- literary masterpieces. I have tried to make of you good readers who read books not for the infantile purpose of identifying oneself with the characters, and not for the adolescent purpose of learning to live, and not for the academic purpose of indulging in generalizations. I have tried to teach you to read books for the sake of their form, their visions, their art. I have tried to teach you to feel a shiver of artistic satisfaction, to share not the emotions of the people in the book but the emotions of its author -- the joys and difficulties of creation. We did not talk around books, about books; we went to the center of this or that masterpiece, to the live heart of the matter.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7654253667020940102?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7654253667020940102/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7654253667020940102' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7654253667020940102'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7654253667020940102'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/07/nabokov-on-literature.html' title='Nabokov on Literature'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-360286611667868486</id><published>2008-06-23T00:23:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2008-06-23T00:29:37.247+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Pessoa and Work</title><content type='html'>AP-3 from Pessoa's &lt;em&gt;Book of Disquiet&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The anguish of a man afflicted by life's tedium on the terrace of his opulent villa is one thing; quite another is the anguish of someone like me, who must contemplate the scenery from my fourth-floor rented room in downtown Lisbon, unable to forget that I'm an assistant bookkeeper. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'Tout notaire a rêvé de sultanes'...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Every time I'm obliged by some official act to state my profession, I smile to myself at the irony of the undeserved ridicule when I declare 'office clerk' and no one finds it all strange. I don't know how it got there, but that's how my name appears in the &lt;em&gt;Professional Register&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Epigraph to the Diary:&lt;br /&gt;Guedes (Vincente), office clerk, Rua dos Retroseiros, 17, fourth floor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Professional Register of Portugal&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-360286611667868486?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/360286611667868486/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=360286611667868486' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/360286611667868486'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/360286611667868486'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/06/pessoa-and-work.html' title='Pessoa and Work'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-852920732385976856</id><published>2008-06-11T10:34:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2008-06-11T11:08:51.770+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Hayek and Rationality</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=231"&gt;A quote of Hayek's found on the Language Log&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;[Constructivist rationalism] produced a renewed propensity to ascribe the origin of all institutions of culture to invention or design. Morals, religion and law, language and writing, money and the market, were thought of as having been deliberately constructed by somebody, or at least as owing whatever perfection they possessed to such design. …&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Yet... [m]any of the institutions of society which are indispensible conditions for the successful pursuit of our conscious aims are in fact the result of customs, habits or practices which have been neither invented nor are observed with any such purpose in view.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Man... is successful not because he knows why he ought to observe the rules which he does observe, or is even capable of stating all these rules in words, but because his thinking and acting are governed by rules which have by a process of selection been evolved in the society in which he lives, and which are thus the product of the experience of generations.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-852920732385976856?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/852920732385976856/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=852920732385976856' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/852920732385976856'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/852920732385976856'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/06/hayek-and-rationality.html' title='Hayek and Rationality'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-912852622442899624</id><published>2008-05-06T19:15:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2008-05-06T19:18:56.391+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='heidegger'/><title type='text'>Heidegger and the I</title><content type='html'>In section 26 of Heidegger's &lt;em&gt;Being and Time&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;When others are encountered, it is not the case that one's own subject is &lt;em&gt;proximally&lt;/em&gt; present-at-hand and that the rest of the subjects, which are likewise occurents, get discriminated beforehand and then apprehended; nor are they encountered by a primary act of looking at oneself in such a way that the opposite pole of a distinction first gets ascertained. They are encountered from out of the &lt;em&gt;world&lt;/em&gt;, in which concernfully circumspective Dasein essentially dwells. Theoretically concocted 'explanations' of the Being-present-at-hand of Others urge themselves upon us all too easily; but over against such explanations we must hold fast to the phenomenal facts of the case which we have pointed out, namely, that Others are encountered &lt;em&gt;environmentally&lt;/em&gt;. This elemental worldly kind of encountering, which belongs to Dasein and is closest to it, goes so far that even one's &lt;em&gt;own&lt;/em&gt; Dasein becomes something that it can proximally 'come across' only when it &lt;em&gt;looks away&lt;/em&gt; from 'Experiences' and the 'centre of its actions', or does not as yet 'see' them at all. Dasein finds 'itself' proximally in &lt;em&gt;what&lt;/em&gt; it does, uses, expects, avoids -- in those things environmentally ready-to-hand with which it is proximally &lt;em&gt;concerned&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And even when Dasein explicitly addresses itself as "I here", this locative personal designation must be understood in terms of Dasein's existential spatiality. In Interpreting this we have already intimated that this "I-here" does not mean a certain privileged point -- that of an I-Thing -- but is to be understood as Being-in in terms of the "yonder" of the world that is ready-to-hand -- the "yonder" which is the dwelling-place of Dasein as &lt;em&gt;concern&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;W. von Humboldt has alluded to certain languages which express 'I' by 'here', the 'thou' by 'there', the 'he' by 'yonder', thus rendering the personal pronouns by locative adverbs, to put it grammatically. It is controversial whether indeed the primordial signification of locative expressions is adverbial or pronominal. But this dispute loses its basis if one notes that locative adverbs have a relationship to the "I" &lt;em&gt;qua&lt;/em&gt; Dasein. The 'here' and the 'there' and the 'yonder' are primarily not mere ways of designating the location of entities present-at-hand within-the-world at positions in space; they are rather characteristics of Dasein's primordial spatiality. These supposedly locative adverbs are Dasein-designations; they have a signification which is primarily existential, not categorial. But they are not pronouns either; their signification is prior to the differentiation of locative adverbs and personal pronouns: these expressions have a Dasein-signification which is authentically spatial, and which serves as evidence that when we interpret Dasein without any theoretical distortions we can see it immediately as 'Being-alongside' the world with which it concerns itself, and as Being-alongside it spatially -- that is to say, as desevering and giving directionality. In the 'here', the Dasein which is absorbed in its world speaks not towards itself but away from itself towards the 'yonder' of something circumspectively ready-to-hand; yet it still has &lt;em&gt;itself&lt;/em&gt; in view in its existential spatiality.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-912852622442899624?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/912852622442899624/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=912852622442899624' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/912852622442899624'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/912852622442899624'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/05/heidegger-and-i.html' title='Heidegger and the I'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5793147086585772737</id><published>2008-04-26T16:25:00.004+10:00</published><updated>2008-04-26T16:36:27.818+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='heidegger'/><title type='text'>Heidegger Sounding Like Schopenhauer</title><content type='html'>Towards the end of his essay, &lt;em&gt;The Fundamental Question of Metaphysics&lt;/em&gt;, comes the following passage, redolent of Schopenhauer, from Heidegger:&lt;blockquote&gt;1. The crux of the matter is the reinterpretation of the spirit as &lt;em&gt;intelligence&lt;/em&gt;, or mere cleverness in examining and calculating given things and the possibility of changing them and complementing them to make new things. This cleverness is a matter of mere talent and practice and mass division of labour. The cleverness itself is subject to the possibility of organisation, which is never true of the spirit. The attitude of the litterateur and aesthete is merely a late consequence and variation of the spirit falsified into intelligence. Mere intelligence is a semblance of spirit, masking its absence.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3. As soon as the misinterpretation sets in that degrades the spirit to a tool, the energies of the spiritual process, poetry and art, statesmanship and religion, become subject to &lt;em&gt;conscious&lt;/em&gt; cultivation and planning. They are split into branches. The spiritual world becomes culture and the individual strives to perfect himself in the creation and preservation of this culture. These branches become fields of free endeavour, which sets its own standards and barely manages to live up to them. These standards of production and consumption are called values. The cultural values preserve their meaning only by restricting themselves to an autonomous field: poetry for the sake of poetry, art for the sake of art, science for the sake of science.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5793147086585772737?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5793147086585772737/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5793147086585772737' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5793147086585772737'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5793147086585772737'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/04/heidegger-sounding-like-schopenhauer.html' title='Heidegger Sounding Like Schopenhauer'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-243186413636422755</id><published>2008-04-14T23:12:00.003+10:00</published><updated>2008-08-11T15:46:17.548+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Merleau-Ponty'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Absolute Knowledge and Phenomenological Knowledge</title><content type='html'>From Merleau-Ponty's &lt;em&gt;Phenomenology of Perception&lt;/em&gt; at the end of the chapter titled &lt;em&gt;The Cogito&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;But, it will be asked, if the unity of the world is not based on that of consciousness, and if the world is not the outcome of a constituting effort, how does it come about that appearances accord with each other and group themselves together into things, ideas and truths? And why do our random thoughts, the events of our life and those of collective history, at least at certain times assume common significance and direction, and allow themselves to be subsumed under one idea? Why does my life succeed in drawing itself together in order to project itself in words, intentions and acts? This is the problem of rationality. The reader is aware that, on the whole, classical thought tries to explain the concordances in question in terms of a world in itself, or in terms of an absolute mind. Such explanations borrow all the forces of conviction which they can carry from the phenomenon of rationality , and therefore fail to explain that phenomenon, or ever to achieve greater clarity than it possesses. Absolute Thought is no clearer to me than my own finite mind, since it is through he latter that I conceive the former. We are in the world, which means that things take shape, an immense individual asserts itself, each existence is self-comprehensive and comprehensive of the rest. All that has to be done is to recognise these phenomena which are the ground of all our certainties. The belief in an absolute mind, or in a world in itself detached from us is no more than a rationalisation of this primordial faith.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-243186413636422755?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/243186413636422755/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=243186413636422755' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/243186413636422755'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/243186413636422755'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/04/absolute-knowledge-and-phenomenological.html' title='Absolute Knowledge and Phenomenological Knowledge'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8708776962068776907</id><published>2008-03-26T14:23:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-03-26T14:25:30.361+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Non-Contradiction Can Be Humorous</title><content type='html'>"Anyone who denies the law of non-contradiction should be beaten and burned until he admits that to be beaten is not the same as not to be beaten, and to be burned is not the same as not to be burned." Avicenna&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8708776962068776907?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8708776962068776907/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8708776962068776907' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8708776962068776907'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8708776962068776907'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/03/non-contradiction-can-be-humorous.html' title='Non-Contradiction Can Be Humorous'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3868774107627595116</id><published>2008-03-10T12:08:00.003+11:00</published><updated>2008-03-10T12:13:34.768+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kant philosophy'/><title type='text'>Kant and Concepts</title><content type='html'>Kant is often misinterpreted because of the notion of a concept that he had was definitely different to that of the rationalists and the empiricists before him.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So when Berkeley criticises Locke by arguing that you cannot have an idea of dog without thinking of a particular one, such as a Labrador or Golden Retriever, Kant sidestepped the issue entirely by claiming that concepts are not images, but rules.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From A141 of his &lt;em&gt;Critique of Pure Reason&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The concept 'dog' signifies a rule according to which my imagination can delineate the figure of a four-footed animal in a general manner, without limitation to any single determinate figure such as experience, or any possible image that I can represent &lt;em&gt;in concreto&lt;/em&gt;, actually presents.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3868774107627595116?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3868774107627595116/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3868774107627595116' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3868774107627595116'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3868774107627595116'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/03/kant-and-concepts.html' title='Kant and Concepts'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4336008893720076949</id><published>2008-02-16T18:26:00.002+11:00</published><updated>2008-02-16T18:41:53.500+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Hegel and Phenomenology</title><content type='html'>From page 50 of Peter Singer's book, &lt;em&gt;Hegel&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;So our instrument cannot guarantee us an image of undisturbed reality, nor can we come closer to reality by making allowances for the disturbance caused by our instrument. Should we therefore embrace the sceptical position that there is nothing we can truly know? But such scepticism, Hegel says, is self-refuting. If we are to doubt everything, why not doubt the claim that we can know nothing? Moreover the sceptical argument we have been considering has its own presuppositions, which it claims to know. It starts with the idea that there is such a thing as reality, and that knowledge is some kind of instrument or medium by which we grasp reality. In so doing, it presupposes a distinction between ourselves and reality, or the absolute. Worse still, it takes for granted that our knowledge and reality are cut off from one another, but at the same time still treats our knowledge as something real, that is, as a part of reality. This scepticism will not do either. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hegel has neatly set up a certain view of knowing, and then shown that it leads into a hole from which we cannot escape, and in which we cannot remain. We must, he now says, abandon all these 'useless ideas and expressions' about knowledge as an instrument or medium, all of which divide knowledge from reality as it is.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In all this argument there is no mention of any philosopher who has held the view of knowledge that Hegel now says we must reject. To some extent he is criticising assumptions common to the whole school of empiricist philosophers -- Locke, Berkeley, Hume and many others. It would, however, have been obvious to all his readers that his main target is Kant. Kant argued that we can never see reality as it is; for we can only comprehend our experiences within the frameworks of space, time and causation. Space, time and causation are not part of reality, but the necessary forms  in which we grasp it; therefore we can never know things as they are independently of our knowledge. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In another work, the &lt;em&gt;Lesser Logic&lt;/em&gt;, Hegel does name his opponent and mounts a similar attack against him (though as if to display his intellectual fertility, he presses home his point with a slightly different argument), The passage is worth quoting, because it concludes with an analogy that suggest the way forward:&lt;blockquote&gt;We ought, says Kant, to become acquainted with the instrument, before we undertake the work for which it is to be employed; for if the instrument be insufficient, all our trouble will be spent in vain ... But the examination of knowledge can only be carried out by an act of knowledge. To examine this so-called instrument is the same thing as to know it. But to seek to know before we know is as absurd as the wise resolution of Scholasticus, not to venture into the water until he had learned to swim.&lt;/blockquote&gt;The lesson taught by the folly of Scholasticus is clear. To learn to swim we must plunge boldly into the stream; and to obtain knowledge of reality, we must plunge boldly into the stream of consciousness that is the starting-point of all we know. The only possible approach to knowledge is an examination of consciousness from the inside as it appears to itself -- in other words, a phenomenology of mind. We shall not start with sophisticated doubts, but with a simple form of consciousness that takes itself to be genuine knowledge. This simple form of consciousness will, however, prove itself to be something less than genuine knowledge, and so will develop into another form of consciousness; and this in turn will also prove inadequate, and develop into something else, and so the process will continue until we reach true knowledge.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4336008893720076949?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4336008893720076949/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4336008893720076949' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4336008893720076949'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4336008893720076949'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/02/hegel-and-phenomenology.html' title='Hegel and Phenomenology'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8843509751950351725</id><published>2008-02-07T10:33:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-02-07T10:34:57.659+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Kierkegaard Stripped Down</title><content type='html'>People demand freedom of speech as a compensation for the freedom of thought which they seldom use.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8843509751950351725?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8843509751950351725/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8843509751950351725' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8843509751950351725'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8843509751950351725'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/02/kierkegaard-stripped-down.html' title='Kierkegaard Stripped Down'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1062875499261057782</id><published>2008-01-12T19:50:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-01-16T16:13:43.767+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><title type='text'>On the Difference between Talent and Genius</title><content type='html'>I usually find the pithy phrase generalises too much and ends up being of little value. Schopenhauer's power of metaphor, however, makes light work of profound pith. From volume II of his &lt;em&gt;World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Talent is like a marksman who hits a target which others cannot reach; genius is like a marksman who hits a target which others cannot see.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1062875499261057782?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1062875499261057782/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1062875499261057782' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1062875499261057782'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1062875499261057782'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/01/on-difference-between-talent-and-genius.html' title='On the Difference between Talent and Genius'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2340021546998834192</id><published>2008-01-12T19:01:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-01-12T19:11:54.786+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Proust as Philosophical Inspiration</title><content type='html'>Did Quine read Proust? From &lt;em&gt;The Way by Swann's&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;But the fact that M. Vinteuil peraps knew about his daughter's behaviour does not imply that his worship of her would thereby be diminished. Facts do not find their way into the world in which our beliefs reside; they did not produce our beliefs, they do not destroy them; they may inflict on them the most constant refutations without weakening them, and an avalanche of afflictions or ailments succeeding one another without interruption in a family will not make it doubt the goodness of its God or the talent of its doctor.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2340021546998834192?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2340021546998834192/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2340021546998834192' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2340021546998834192'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2340021546998834192'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/01/proust-as-philosophical-inspiration.html' title='Proust as Philosophical Inspiration'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6720329092118080849</id><published>2008-01-09T18:16:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-01-09T18:28:33.295+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Kripke and Identity Statements</title><content type='html'>From AC Grayling's &lt;em&gt;An introduction to Philosophical Logic&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;In Kripke's view, names are 'rigid designators', that is, terms which refer to the same individual in every possible world in which that individual exists. Because individuals will have different properties in different possible worlds -- their being  &lt;em&gt;different&lt;/em&gt; possible worlds will turn in in some cases just on the hypothesis that some selected individual answers to different descriptions in those worlds -- it cannot be the case that the name of that individual is synonymous with some set of descriptions. In other possible dispensations of things Aristotle may have been a hoplite, a physician, or whatever; but his name still rigidly designates him in all the worlds in which he exists. He will only possess in &lt;em&gt;all&lt;/em&gt; possible worlds such properties as are essential to his being Aristotle. This allows what is surely true, that we can discover of individuals that certain descriptions fail to fit them. For example, suppose it is confirmed that Bacon did indeed write &lt;em&gt;Othello&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Hamlet&lt;/em&gt;, and the rest; nevertheless the name 'Shakespeare' will not cease to refer because the description 'the author of &lt;em&gt;Hamlet&lt;/em&gt;' ceases to apply to that individual. For if we irreversibly &lt;em&gt;identify&lt;/em&gt; whoever is designated by 'Shakespeare' with 'the author of &lt;em&gt;Hamlet&lt;/em&gt;', it would be impossible to discover that he did not write &lt;em&gt;Hamlet&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This then is the first important feature of the causal theory, that ordinary proper names are rigid designators and not abbreviations for clusters of descriptions. An interesting consequence of this relates to identity statements. It is commonly held that identity statements like 'Hesperus is Phosphorus' are contingent, because the fact that the two are one is something that had to be established &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt;. But Kripke argues that if 'Hesperus is Phosphorus' is true, thens since both names are rigid designators and refer to the same entity in all possible worlds in which that entity exists, the identity statement is &lt;em&gt;necessarily&lt;/em&gt; true. Philosophers had supposed this identity statement to be only contingently true because 'Hesperus is Phosphorus' is not analytic; but a failure to distinguish the metaphysical notion of necessity both from the epistemological notion of apriority and the semantic notion of analyticity makes for the muddle here. On Kripke's view, 'necessarily true' means 'true in all possible worlds'; so although 'Hesperus is Phosphorus' is &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt;, it is necessary -- and if this is right, it establishes the existence of neceesary &lt;em&gt;a posteriori&lt;/em&gt; truths, an exciting result.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6720329092118080849?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6720329092118080849/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6720329092118080849' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6720329092118080849'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6720329092118080849'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/01/kripke-and-identity-statements.html' title='Kripke and Identity Statements'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1675633731590023980</id><published>2008-01-07T16:20:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-01-07T16:26:43.642+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>The Sports Pages</title><content type='html'>It's a delicious irony that many of the cognoscenti look down upon those whose interests in a newspaper do not extend much farther than the sports pages when much of the best writing available can be found there.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Case in point: &lt;a href="http://www.theage.com.au/news/cricket/rotten-from-first-day-to-the-last/2008/01/06/1199554486302.html"&gt;Peter Roebuck writing about the poor umpiring decisions that India suffered against Australia in the recent test in Sydney&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;INDIA has been dudded. No-one with the slightest enthusiasm for cricket will take the least satisfaction from the victory secured by the local team in an SCG Test match that entertained spectators at the ground, provided some excellent batting but left a sour taste in the mouth. It was a match that will have been relished only by rabid nationalists and others for whom victory and vengeance are the sole reasons for playing sport. Truth to tell the last day was as bad as the first. It was a rotten contest that singularly failed to elevate the spirit.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1675633731590023980?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1675633731590023980/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1675633731590023980' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1675633731590023980'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1675633731590023980'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2008/01/sports-pages.html' title='The Sports Pages'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8181565214901214290</id><published>2007-12-26T12:48:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-26T12:53:06.306+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Popper'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Popper and Language</title><content type='html'>From David Edmonds's and John Eidinow's &lt;em&gt;Wittgenstein's Poker&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Popper compared the interest in language to the practice of cleaning spectacles. Language philosophers might think this is worthwhile in itself. Serious philosophers realise that the only point of the cleaning is to enable the wearer to see the world more clearly.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8181565214901214290?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8181565214901214290/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8181565214901214290' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8181565214901214290'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8181565214901214290'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/popper-and-language.html' title='Popper and Language'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5151619740322842143</id><published>2007-12-22T09:30:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-22T09:50:58.615+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Frege's Venus, Sense and Reference</title><content type='html'>I've never studied logic formally at university, but I have read up on the subject here and there. What I always found most confusing, however, was the presentation of the classic example illustrating the difference between sense and reference, that of the morning star and the evening star. The problem was that in quite a few noteworthy books, the point of the example was completely lost on me because it was not explicitly explained that the morning star and the evening star are actually the same object!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thankfully though, I did discover what the morning star and evening star were referring to and, consequently, why distinguishing between sense and reference is so important. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And that is also why I'm so happy to have read perhaps the most lucid explanation of this distinction in AC Grayling's &lt;em&gt;An Introduction to Philosophical Logic&lt;/em&gt;, and is why I'm hoping all books on logic will just reprint the following passage from here on in:&lt;blockquote&gt;The classic example used is the planet Venus, which the Greeks thought was not one planet but two stars, namely the evening star Hesperus and the morning star Phosphorus. Because the evening and morning stars are the same entity, it is evident that both expressions denote the same entity, &lt;em&gt;viz&lt;/em&gt;., Venus. But clearly the expressions 'morning star' and 'evening star' differ in &lt;em&gt;sense&lt;/em&gt; despite having the same reference, which follows from the fact that if one says 'the morning star is identical with the morning star', the truth of what one says is a simple matter of logic and can be determined by inspecting the sentence itself; but if one says 'the morning star is identical with the evening star', the truth of what one says is a matter of astronomy, not logic. No one could discover that the morning and evening stars are in fact one and the same entity merely by inspecting the expressions 'the morning star' and 'the evening star' alone. It follows that although these two expressions are coreferential, which is to say, refer to the same thing, they differ in sense&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5151619740322842143?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5151619740322842143/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5151619740322842143' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5151619740322842143'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5151619740322842143'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/freges-venus-sense-and-reference.html' title='Frege&apos;s Venus, Sense and Reference'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8595555507735896681</id><published>2007-12-20T20:43:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-20T20:55:43.181+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Wittgenstein'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Morality, Wittgenstein and Schopenhauer</title><content type='html'>The hallmarks of Wittgenstein's deprecating grand notions of the Good found in section sixty-six of Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The deeds and ways of acting of the individual and of a nation can be very much modified by dogmas, example and custom. In themselves, however, all deeds (&lt;em&gt;opera operata&lt;/em&gt;) are merely empty figures, and only the disposition that leads to them gives them moral significance. But this disposition can be actually quite the same, in spite of a very different external phenomenon. With an equal degree of wickedness one person can die on the wheel, and another peacefully in the bosom of his family. It can vbe the same degree of wickedness that expresses itself in one nation in the crude characteristics of murder and cannibalism, and in another finely and delicately in miniature, in court intrigues, oppressions, and subtle machinations of every kind; the inner nature remains the same. It is conceivable that a perfect State, or even perhaps a complete dogma of rewards and punishments after death firmly believed in, might prevent every crime. Politically much would be gained in this way; morally, absolutely nothing; on the contrary, only the mirroring of the will through life would be checked.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Genuine goodness of disposition, disinterested virtue, and pure nobleness of mind, therefore, do not come from abstract knowledge; yet they do come from knowledge. But it is a direct and intuitive knowledge that cannot be reasoned away or arrived at by reasoning; a knowledge that, just because it is not abstract, cannot be communicated, but must dawn on each of us. It therefore finds its real and adequate expression not in words, but simply and solely in deeds, in conduct, in the course of a man's life. We who are here looking for the theory of virtue, and who thus have to express in abstract terms the inner nature of the knowledge lying at its foundation, shall nevertheless be unable to furnish that knowledge itself in this expression, but only the concept of that knowledge. We thus always start from conduct, in which alone it becomes visible, and refer to such conduct as its only adequate expression. We only interpret and explain this expression, in other words, express in the abstract what really takes place in it.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8595555507735896681?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8595555507735896681/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8595555507735896681' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8595555507735896681'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8595555507735896681'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/morality-wittgenstein-and-schopenhauer.html' title='Morality, Wittgenstein and Schopenhauer'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8228235715863293083</id><published>2007-12-20T19:32:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-20T19:37:53.856+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Morality, Religion and Rituals</title><content type='html'>From Isaac Bashevis Singer's &lt;em&gt;The Slave&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;But now he at least understood his religion: its essence was the relation between man and his fellows. Man's obligations toward God were easy to perform. Didn't Gershon have two kitchens, one for milk and one for meat? Men like Gershon cheated, but they ate matzoth prepared according to the strictest requirements. They slandered their fellow men, but demanded meat doubly kosher. They envied, fought, hated their fellow Jews, yet still put on a second pair of phylacteries. Rather than troubling himself to induce a Jew to eat pork or kindle a fire on the Sabbath, Satan did easier and more important work, advocating those sins deeply rooted in human nature.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8228235715863293083?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8228235715863293083/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8228235715863293083' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8228235715863293083'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8228235715863293083'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/morality-religion-and-rituals.html' title='Morality, Religion and Rituals'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7137543645965888160</id><published>2007-12-16T09:30:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-16T09:47:36.253+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Nietzsche's Eternal Recurrence in Schopenhauer</title><content type='html'>From section 54 of Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;What we fear in death is by no means the pain, for that obviously lies on this side of death; moreover, we often take refuge in death from pain, just as, conversely, we sometimes endure the most fearful pain merely in order to escape death for a while, although it would be quick and easy. Therefore we distinguish pain and death as two entirely different evils. What we fear in death is in fact the extinction and end of the individual, which it openly proclaims itself to be, and as the individual is the will-to-live itself in a particular objectification, its whole nature struggles against death. Now when feeling leaves us helpless to such an extent, our faculty of reason can nevertheless appear and for the most part overcome influences adverse to it, since it places us at a higher standpoint from which we now view the whole instead of the particular. Therefore, a philosophical knowledge of the nature of the world which had reached the point we are now considering, but went no farther, could, even at this point of view, overcome the terrors of death according as reflection had power over direct feeling in the given individual. A man who had assimilated firmly into his way of thinking the truths so far advanced, but at the same time had not come to know, through his own experience or through a deeper insight, that constant suffering is essential to all life; who found satisfaction in life and took perfect delight in it; who desired, in spite of calm deliberation, that the course of his life as he had hitherto experienced it should be of endless duration or of constant recurrence; and whose courage to face life was so great that, in return for life's pleasures, he would willingly and gladly put up with all the hardships and miseries to which it is subject; such a man would stand "with firm, strong bones on the well-grounded, enduring earth,"&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt; and would have nothing to fear. Armed with the knowledge we confer on him, he would look with indifference at death hastening towards him on the wings of time. He would consider it as a false illusion, an impotent spectre, frightening to the weak but having no power over him who knows that he himself is that will of which the whole world is the objectification or copy, to which therefore life and also the present always remain certain and sure. The present is the only real form of the phenomenon of the will. Therefore no endless past or future in which he will not exist can frighten him, for he regards these as an empty mirage and the web of Maya. Thus he would no more have to fear death than the sun would the night. In the &lt;em&gt;Bhagavad-Gita&lt;/em&gt; Krishna puts his young pupil Arjuna in this position, when, seized with grief at the sight of the armies ready for battle (somewhat after the manner of Xerxes), Arjuna loses heart and wishes to give up the fight, to avert the destruction of so many thousands. Krishna brings him to this point of view, and the death of those thousands can no longer hold him back; he gives the sign for battle.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt; From Goethe's &lt;em&gt;Granzen der Menschheit&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7137543645965888160?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7137543645965888160/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7137543645965888160' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7137543645965888160'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7137543645965888160'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/nietzsches-eternal-recurrence-in.html' title='Nietzsche&apos;s Eternal Recurrence in Schopenhauer'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4340043294350117919</id><published>2007-12-15T17:22:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-15T17:31:42.414+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer on Ordinary Poets</title><content type='html'>From section 51 and appearing in footnote 41 of Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;It goes without saying that everywhere I speak exclusively of the great and genuine poet, who is rare. I mean no one else; least of all that dull and shallow race of mediocre poets, rhymesters and devisers of fables which flourishes so luxuriantly, especially in Germany at the present time; but we ought to shout incessantly in their ears from all side:&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;center&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mediocribus esse poetis&lt;br /&gt;Non homines, non Di, non concessere columnae&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br /&gt;("Neither gods, nor men, nor even advertising pillars permit the poet to be a mediocrity" - Horace, &lt;em&gt;Ars Poetica&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/blockquote&gt;It is worth serious consideration how great an amount of time -- their own and other people's -- and of paper is wasted by this swarm of mediocre poets, and how injurious their influence is. For the public always seizes on what is new, and shows even more inclination to what is perverse and dull, as being akin to its own nature. These works of the mediocre, therefore, draw the public away and hold it back from genuine masterpieces, and from the education they afford. Thus they work directly against the benign influence of genius, ruin taste more and more, and so arrest the progress of the age. Therefore criticism and satire should scourge mediocre poets without pity or sympathy, until they are induced for their own good to apply their muse rather to read what is good than to write what is bad. For if the bungling of the meddlers put even the god of the Muses in such a rage that he could flay Marsyas, I do not see on what mediocre poetry would base its claims to tolerance.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4340043294350117919?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4340043294350117919/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4340043294350117919' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4340043294350117919'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4340043294350117919'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/schopenhauer-on-ordinary-poets.html' title='Schopenhauer on Ordinary Poets'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8936053289588267732</id><published>2007-12-14T15:31:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2008-12-13T23:20:58.685+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><title type='text'>The Happy Progression of the Liberals</title><content type='html'>A happy little graphic depicting the withering of the Libs:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/R2IHkWin1dI/AAAAAAAAAAU/aW4dg4vUTF0/s1600-h/071214-HOWARD-CHART-420-2-fbe0fb83-6f59-4491-a7bc-7e3a6121cdb6.gif"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/R2IHkWin1dI/AAAAAAAAAAU/aW4dg4vUTF0/s320/071214-HOWARD-CHART-420-2-fbe0fb83-6f59-4491-a7bc-7e3a6121cdb6.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5143682045518009810" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From &lt;a href="http://www.crikey.com.au/Politics/20071214-John-Howard-the-achievement-.html"&gt;a Crikey post on Howard's fine electoral legacy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8936053289588267732?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8936053289588267732/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8936053289588267732' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8936053289588267732'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8936053289588267732'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/happy-progression-of-liberals.html' title='The Happy Progression of the Liberals'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/R2IHkWin1dI/AAAAAAAAAAU/aW4dg4vUTF0/s72-c/071214-HOWARD-CHART-420-2-fbe0fb83-6f59-4491-a7bc-7e3a6121cdb6.gif' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3339390706137472815</id><published>2007-12-01T23:12:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-12-01T23:26:22.662+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer on the Connection between Genius and Madness</title><content type='html'>From part thirty-six of Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The fact that violent mental suffering or unexpected and terrible events are frequently the cause of madness, I explain as follows. Every such suffering is as an actual event always confined to the present; hence it is only transitory, and to that extent is never excessively heavy. It becomes insufferably great only in so far as it is a lasting pain, but as such it is again only a thought, and therefore resides in the &lt;em&gt;memory&lt;/em&gt;. Now if such a sorrow, such painful knowledge or reflection, is so harrowing that it becomes positively unbearable, and the individual would succumb to it, then nature, alarmed in this way, seizes on &lt;em&gt;madness&lt;/em&gt; as the last means of saving life. The mind, tormented so greatly, destroys, as it were, the thread of its memory, fills up the gaps with fictions, and thus seeks refuge in madness from the mental suffering that exceeds its strength, just as a limb affected by mortification is cut off and replaced with a wooden one. As examples, we may consider the raving Ajax, King Lear and Ophelia; for the creations of the genuine genius, to which alone we can here refer, as being generally known, are equal in truth to real persons; moreover, frequent actual experience in this respect shows the same thing. A faint analogy of this kind of transition from pain to madness is to be found in the way in which we all frequently try, as it were mechanically, to banish a tormenting memory that suddenly occurs to us be some loud exclamation or movement, to turn ourselves from it, to distract ourselves by force. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, from what we have stated, we see that the madman correctly knows the individual present as well as many particulars of the past, but that he fails to recognise the connexion, the relations and therefore goes astray and talks nonsense. Just this is his point of contact with the genius; for he too leaves out of sight knowledge of the connexion of things, as he neglects that knowledge of relations which is knowledge according to the principle of sufficient reason, in order to see in things only their Ideas, and to try to grasp their real inner nature which expresses itself to perception, in regard to &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; thing represents its whole species, and hence, as Goethe says, one case is valid for a thousand. The individual object of his contemplation, or the present which he apprehends with excessive vividness, appears in so strong a light that the remaining links of the chain, so to speak, to which they belong, withdraw into obscurity, and this gives us the phenomena that have long been recognised as akin to those of madness. That which exists in the actual individual thing, only imperfectly and weakened by modification, is enhanced to perfection, to the Idea of it, by the method of contemplation used by the genius. Therefore he everywhere sees extremes, and on this account his own actions tend to extremes. He does not know how to strike the mean; he lacks cool-headedness, and the result is as we have said. He knows the Ideas perfectly, but not the individuals. Therefore it has been observed that a poet may know &lt;em&gt;man&lt;/em&gt; profoundly and thoroughly, but &lt;em&gt;men&lt;/em&gt; very badly; he is easily duped, and is a plaything in the hands of the cunning and crafty.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3339390706137472815?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3339390706137472815/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3339390706137472815' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3339390706137472815'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3339390706137472815'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/12/schopenhauer-on-connection-between.html' title='Schopenhauer on the Connection between Genius and Madness'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3133874063877616687</id><published>2007-11-18T02:24:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2008-01-14T08:23:47.082+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Maugham on his Character</title><content type='html'>From chapter twenty of his &lt;em&gt;The Summing Up&lt;/em&gt;, here's why Somerset Maugham has always seemed to me a dear old friend:&lt;blockquote&gt;I have no natural trust in others. I am more inclined to expect them to do ill than to do good. That is the price one has to pay for having a sense of humour. A sense of humour leads you to take pleasure in the discrepancies of human nature; it leads you to mistrust great professions and look for the unworthy motive that they conceal; the disparity between appearance and reality diverts you and you are apt when you cannot find it to create it. You tend to close you eyes to truth, beauty and goodness because they give no scope to your sense of the ridiculous. The humorist has a quick eye for the humbug; he does not always recognise the saint. But if to see men one-sidedly is a heavy price to pay for a sense of humour there is a compensation that has a value too. You are not angry with people when you laugh at them. Humour teaches tolerance, and the humorist, with a smile and perhaps a sigh, is more likely to shrug his shoulders than to condemn. He does not moralise, he is content to understand; and it is true that to understand is to pity and forgive.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3133874063877616687?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3133874063877616687/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3133874063877616687' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3133874063877616687'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3133874063877616687'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/11/maugham-on-his-and-my-character.html' title='Maugham on his Character'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4917990190171153778</id><published>2007-11-17T18:28:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-11-17T18:36:09.281+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Wittgenstein'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Quine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Berkeley Forshadowing both Quine and Wittgenstein</title><content type='html'>From part VII of GJ Warnock's introduction to Berkeley's &lt;em&gt;The Principles of Human Understanding&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;...the explanation of general terms by reference to "abstract ideas" is unnecessary: for a term to be general, and to have a meaning, it is not necessary that it be "annexed," like a name" to any special variety of specially "framed" idea: what is needed is just that it be used to "denote indifferently" &lt;em&gt;any&lt;/em&gt; of a class of particular things -- those , namely, which are like on another in the relevant respect. Similarly, my recognition of an object as pink does not require reference to an "abstract idea" laid up in my mind as a pattern or standard of Pinkness; if I have already learned that a number of objects are called "pink," all that is needed is that I should observe the new object to be like &lt;em&gt;them&lt;/em&gt;; there is no need to go through, nor do we in fact do so, the elaborate process of "framing" a pattern and comparing objects with &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/blockquote&gt;And later:&lt;blockquote&gt;It thus becomes clear that, in general, there could not be &lt;em&gt;patterns&lt;/em&gt; of the kind which Locke wrongly supposes to be needed, if we are to use and understand general terms in our language. In fact, so Berkeley concludes, nothing else is required but the words that we use, and the particular experienced items that we use them to speak about; the generality of a general term lies in its &lt;em&gt;use&lt;/em&gt;, and not in the peculiar nature of any special item of which it may, misguidedly, be though of as the name.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4917990190171153778?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4917990190171153778/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4917990190171153778' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4917990190171153778'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4917990190171153778'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/11/berkeley-forshadowing-both-quine-and.html' title='Berkeley Forshadowing both Quine and Wittgenstein'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7459676106596704789</id><published>2007-11-17T18:11:00.001+11:00</published><updated>2007-11-17T18:36:31.268+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Quine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Berkeley'/><title type='text'>Berkeley Foreshadowing Quine</title><content type='html'>From part VI of GJ Warnock's introduction to Berkeley's &lt;em&gt;The Principles of Human Knowledge&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;...he could not but be aware that the "corpuscular" theories of matter, and of light, were both too fertile to be easily rejected, and too centrally characteristic of the whole ideal of scientific understanding. But it was still not open to him to admit that such theories were, as they stood, straightforwardly true; and so, with very striking insight and ingenuity, he fell back on the distinction between the observed &lt;em&gt;facts&lt;/em&gt; of science, and the &lt;em&gt;theories&lt;/em&gt; devised by scientists to account for them. The aim of science, he still holds, is to reduce to "general rules" the observed phenomena; but the achievement of this aim, he now argues, is greatly facilitated by the making of appropriate &lt;em&gt;suppositions&lt;/em&gt;. If we think of light, for example, &lt;em&gt;as if it were&lt;/em&gt; propagated in the form of a stream of "insensible particles," then the diverse phenomena of light can be comprehended within a theory capable of expression in simple mechanical terms, and highly apt for the precise use of measurement and mathematical calculation. This is certainly useful; but, Berkeley insists, it is &lt;em&gt;useful&lt;/em&gt;, not &lt;em&gt;true&lt;/em&gt;. As he wrote in his tract &lt;em&gt;De Motu&lt;/em&gt; in 1721, "to be of service to reckoning and mathematical demonstrations is one thing, to set forth the nature of things is another." Thus, Berkeley does not now object, as formerly he did, to reference to "insensible particles" and other items of supposed, unperceivable "corpuscular" machinery. He sees that such references serve a theoretical purpose, particularly in facilitating the application to physical phenomena of precise mathematical concepts and methods. But the resulting theories have the status of &lt;em&gt;serviceable fictions&lt;/em&gt;; they are useful inventions; it cannot be objected that he leaves such theories with nothing to be true of, for in fact there is no need to suppose that they are &lt;em&gt;true&lt;/em&gt; at all. They are theories, not facts; and the virtue of a theory consists not in truth, but in utility.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7459676106596704789?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7459676106596704789/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7459676106596704789' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7459676106596704789'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7459676106596704789'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/11/berkeley-foreshadowing-quine.html' title='Berkeley Foreshadowing Quine'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4161693878650043095</id><published>2007-11-17T17:38:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-11-17T17:47:30.908+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Locke'/><title type='text'>Locke on Substance</title><content type='html'>From part III of GJ Warnock's introduction to Berkeley's &lt;em&gt;The Principles of Human Knowledge&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Finally, we must at least glance at Locke's rather desperate grapplings with the concept of &lt;em&gt;substance&lt;/em&gt;; for this brings in two points on which Berkeley fastened with alacrity. What is &lt;em&gt;substance&lt;/em&gt;, Locke asks? It is that to which &lt;em&gt;qualities&lt;/em&gt; belong. And there must be substance, since we cannot intelligibly suppose mere qualities to exist in their own right, on their own, &lt;em&gt;sine re substante&lt;/em&gt;. But what is substance itself? It seems to Locke that we just cannot say; for to say anything about substance is unavoidably to ascribe some quality to it, and this gets us no nearer to saying what it is. Locke finds himself left, then, with the bare idea of substance as being "something, I know not what" -- that unperceivable, indescribable something of which all we can say is that it is that to which qualities belong, or in which they inhere.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now this conclusion leads Locke into a further difficulty. He wishes to hold, on general grounds, that there are two kinds or varieties of substance -- "material" substance, that something to which all the qualities of material things ultimately belong, and "immaterial" substance, in which inhere such non-material properties as consciousness, sensation, and the ability to think. But Locke sees, rightly, that he can really have no ground for this opinion. If all we can say of substance is that it is "something, we know not what," we can have no ground for saying that there are two varieties of substance; to say this we would have to know that the two varieties differed in some way; and we cannot know this since about substance we cannot know anything at all. Locke thus finds that , though he does not accept, he cannot disprove the supposition that the &lt;em&gt;same&lt;/em&gt; substance which "supports" that qualities of matter might also have consciousness, sensation, the power of thinking: there might, that is, be only &lt;em&gt;one&lt;/em&gt; thing "we know not what," and not, as Locke supposes, two.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4161693878650043095?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4161693878650043095/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4161693878650043095' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4161693878650043095'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4161693878650043095'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/11/locke-on-substance.html' title='Locke on Substance'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1503759381711648049</id><published>2007-10-18T19:46:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-10-18T22:16:00.633+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Melville on the Perils of Platonist Whalers</title><content type='html'>From &lt;em&gt;Moby Dick&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;And let me in this place movingly admonish you, ye ship-owners of Nantucket!  Beware of enlisting in your vigilant fisheries any lad with lean brow and hollow eye; given to unseasonable meditativeness; and who offers to ship with the Phaedon instead of Bowditch in his head.  Beware of such an one, I say; your whales must be seen before they can be killed; and this sunken-eyed young Platonist will tow you ten wakes round the world, and never make you one pint of sperm the richer.  Nor are these monitions at all unneeded.  For nowadays, the whale-fishery furnishes an asylum for many romantic, melancholy, and absent-minded young men, disgusted with the carking cares of earth, and seeking sentiment in tar and blubber.  Childe Harold not unfrequently perches himself upon the mast-head of some luckless disappointed whale-ship, and in moody phrase ejaculates:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Roll on, thou deep and dark blue ocean, roll!  Ten thousand blubber-hunters sweep over thee in vain."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Very often do the captains of such ships take those absent-minded young philosophers to task, upbraiding them with not feeling sufficient "interest" in the voyage; half-hinting that they are so hopelessly lost to all honourable ambition, as that in their secret souls they would rather not see whales than otherwise.  But all in vain; those young Platonists have a notion that their vision is imperfect; they are short-sighted; what use, then, to strain the visual nerve?  They have left their opera-glasses at home.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Why, thou monkey," said a harpooneer to one of these lads, "we've been cruising now hard upon three years, and thou hast not raised a whale yet.  Whales are scarce as hen's teeth whenever thou art up here."  Perhaps they were; or perhaps there might have been shoals of them in the far horizon; but lulled into such an opium-like listlessness of vacant, unconscious reverie is this absent-minded youth by the blending cadence of waves with thoughts, that at last he loses his identity; takes the mystic ocean at his feet for the visible image of that deep, blue, bottomless soul, pervading mankind and nature; and every strange, half-seen, gliding, beautiful thing that eludes him; every dimly-discovered, uprising fin of some undiscernible form, seems to him the embodiment of those elusive thoughts that only people the soul by continually flitting through it.  In this enchanted mood, thy spirit ebbs away to whence it came; becomes diffused through time and space; like Crammer's sprinkled Pantheistic ashes, forming at last a part of every shore the round globe over.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is no life in thee, now, except that rocking life imparted by a gently rolling ship; by her, borrowed from the sea; by the sea, from the inscrutable tides of God.  But while this sleep, this dream is on ye, move your foot or hand an inch; slip your hold at all; and your identity comes back in horror.  Over Descartian vortices you hover. And perhaps, at mid-day, in the fairest weather, with one half-throttled shriek you drop through that transparent air into the summer sea, no more to rise for ever.  Heed it well, ye Pantheists!&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1503759381711648049?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1503759381711648049/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1503759381711648049' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1503759381711648049'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1503759381711648049'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/10/melville-on-perils-of-platonist-whalers.html' title='Melville on the Perils of Platonist Whalers'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8948723754207598479</id><published>2007-10-13T10:29:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-10-13T10:31:52.579+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Noun Classifiers and the Wari</title><content type='html'>From Steven Pinker's &lt;em&gt;The Blank Slate&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;In a previous book I mentioned that the language of the Wari people of the Amazon has a set of noun classifiers that distinguish edible from inedible objects, and that the edible class includes anyone who is not a member of the tribe.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8948723754207598479?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8948723754207598479/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8948723754207598479' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8948723754207598479'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8948723754207598479'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/10/noun-classifiers-and-wari.html' title='Noun Classifiers and the Wari'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3295776028626173347</id><published>2007-10-06T18:34:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-10-06T18:37:57.641+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Quine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Quine on Language</title><content type='html'>From the first chapter in Quine's &lt;em&gt;Word and Object&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Different persons growing up in the same language are like different bushes trimmed and trained to take the shape of identical elephants. The anatomical details of twigs and branches will fulfil the elephantine form differently from bush to bush, but the overall outward results are alike.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3295776028626173347?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3295776028626173347/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3295776028626173347' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3295776028626173347'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3295776028626173347'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/10/quine-on-language.html' title='Quine on Language'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2493406358005209107</id><published>2007-09-28T20:09:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-28T20:22:28.430+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Searle on Derrida's Intellectual Influence</title><content type='html'>Searle on why the mind-boggling Derrida became so fashionable in literary theory departments throughout the world (found in a review of Culler's book on deconstruction, &lt;em&gt;On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism&lt;/em&gt; from the &lt;em&gt;New York Review of Books&lt;/em&gt;, vol. 30, no. 16, 27th October 1983):&lt;blockquote&gt;It is apparently very congenial for some people who are professionally concerned with fictional texts to be told that all texts are really fictional anyway, and that claims that fiction differs significantly from science and philosophy can be deconstructed as a logocentric prejudice, and it seems positively exhilarating to be told that what we call "reality" is just more textuality. Furthermore, the lives of such people are made much easier than they had previously supposed, because now they don't have to worry about an author's intentions, about precisely what a text means, or about distinctions within a text between the metaphorical and the literal, or about the distinction between texts and the world because everything is just a free play of signifiers. The upper limit, and I believe the &lt;em&gt;reductio ad absurdum&lt;/em&gt;, of this "sense of mastery" conveyed by deconstruction is in Geoffrey Hartman's claim that the prime creative task has now passed from the literary artist to the critic.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2493406358005209107?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2493406358005209107/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2493406358005209107' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2493406358005209107'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2493406358005209107'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/searle-on-derridas-intellectual.html' title='Searle on Derrida&apos;s Intellectual Influence'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8365264190396241658</id><published>2007-09-22T19:58:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-22T20:00:59.601+10:00</updated><title type='text'>Because It's Funny</title><content type='html'>From &lt;a href="http://www.theage.com.au/news/motorsport/boy-racer-set-to-come-of-age/2007/09/21/1189881778302.html"&gt;The Age article on Casey Stoner&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Young gun: Casey Stoner, 21, with wife Adriana Tuchyna, 18. They met at Phillip Island four years ago when Adriana asked him to sign her stomach.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8365264190396241658?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8365264190396241658/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8365264190396241658' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8365264190396241658'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8365264190396241658'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/because-its-funny.html' title='Because It&apos;s Funny'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7212088841733932664</id><published>2007-09-19T14:38:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-25T22:49:16.725+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Nietzsche'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Nietzsche and Schopenhauer</title><content type='html'>A major philosophical influence on Nietzsche was Schopenhauer. Scandalously, Schopenhauer is often left unread these days and what is often a Schopenhauerian thought read in one of Nietzsche's books, who still retains an allure for the contrarian wishing to take on the world, is often misinterpreted.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hence, the following from &lt;em&gt;Ecce Homo&lt;/em&gt;, which is classic Schopenhauer and brilliantly expounded in his epistemology, is often just taken as an one of Nietzsche's &lt;em&gt;sui generis&lt;/em&gt; philosophical insights:&lt;blockquote&gt;No one can draw more out of things, books included, than he already knows. A man has no ears for that to which experience has given him no access.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7212088841733932664?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7212088841733932664/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7212088841733932664' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7212088841733932664'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7212088841733932664'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/nietzsche-and-schopenhauer.html' title='Nietzsche and Schopenhauer'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1091789212370504551</id><published>2007-09-15T09:21:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-15T09:55:55.067+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='French'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Remedial French</title><content type='html'>I can read French reasonably well thanks to my already having grappled with Spanish and Portuguese, but I still have trouble with remembering the following little features:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;QUI (subject) = who, which, that (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;QUE (object) = whom, which, that (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;DONT = of whom, of which (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;LEQUEL = who, which, that (of two) (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;DUQUEL = of whom, which, that (of two) (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;AUQUEL = to whom, which, that (of two) (of persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;DE QUI = whose, of whom (persons only)&lt;br /&gt;À QUI = to whom, whose&lt;br /&gt;QUOI = what (things only)&lt;br /&gt;DE QUOI = of what (things only)&lt;br /&gt;À QUOI = to what (things only)&lt;br /&gt;QUEL, QUELS, QUELLE, QUELLES = which (persons or things)&lt;br /&gt;LEQUEL, LESQUELS, LAQUELLE, LESQUELLES = sexed version of that or whom as in "La soeur de Jean, laquelle est riche".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;CELUI = this (masc)&lt;br /&gt;CELLE = this (fem)&lt;br /&gt;CEUX = this (masc pl)&lt;br /&gt;CELLES = this (fem pl)&lt;br /&gt;CE = this&lt;br /&gt;CECI = this here&lt;br /&gt;CELA = that there&lt;br /&gt;ÇA = that&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;NE verb PERSONNE = nobody (Je ne parle avec personne = I do not speak with anyone)&lt;br /&gt;NE verb RIEN = nothing (Je ne pense rien = I do not think anything (nothing))&lt;br /&gt;NE verb PAS ENCORE = not yet (Je ne joue pas encore = I do not play yet)&lt;br /&gt;NE verb QUE = only (Je ne pense qu'à ma mère = I think only of my mother)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;EN = of something or some person and is masculine, feminine, singular and plural = equivalent of DE plus a noun&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;J'en ai = I have of it, of them&lt;br /&gt;En avez vous? = Have you some of it? Have you (of) them?&lt;br /&gt;Combien en avez-vous? = How much of it (or them) do you have?&lt;br /&gt;J'en ai une douzaine = I have a dozen (of them)&lt;br /&gt;J m'en souviens = I remember it (EN used for verbs that require "DE" after them)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Y = there and used as preposition of place and object of verbs that require à = the chief difference between Y and EN is that Y is seldom used for persons.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;j'y avais = I am going (there)&lt;br /&gt;j'y ai ètè = I have been (there)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;nous leur y en avons parlé = we spoke of them of it there&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1091789212370504551?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1091789212370504551/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1091789212370504551' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1091789212370504551'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1091789212370504551'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/remedial-french.html' title='Remedial French'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5904148613620398746</id><published>2007-09-11T16:32:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-11T16:53:37.602+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer on Perception and Reason</title><content type='html'>In World as Will and Representation, #12:&lt;blockquote&gt;Thus, for example, an experienced billiard-player can have perfect knowledge of the laws of impact of elastic bodies on one another, merely in the understanding, merely for immediate perception, and with this he manages perfectly. Only the man who is versed in the science of mechanics, on the other hand, has a real rational knowledge of those laws, that is to say, a knowledge of them in the abstract. Even for the construction of machines such a merely intuitive knowledge of the understanding is sufficient, when the inventor of the machine himself executes the work, as is often seen in the case of talented workmen without any scientific knowledge. On the other hand, as soon as several men and their coordinated activity occurring at different times are necessary for carrying out a mechanical operation, for completing a machine or a building, then the man controlling it must have drafted the plain in the abstract, and such a cooperative activity is possible only through the assistance of the faculty of reason.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But it is remarkable that, in the first kind of activity, where one man alone is supposed to execute something in an uninterrupted course of action, rational knowledge, the application of reason, reflection, may often be even a hindrance to him. For example, in the case of billiards-playing, fencing, tuning an instrument, or singing, knowledge of perception must directly guide activity; passage through reflection makes it uncertain, since it divides the attention, and confuses the executant. Therefore, savages and uneducated persons, not very accustomed to thinking, perform many bodily exercises, fight with animals, shoot with bows and arrows and the like, with a certainty and rapidity never reached by the reflecting European, just because his deliberation makes him hesitate and hang back. For instance, he tries to find the right spot or the right point of time from the mean between two false extremes, while the natural man hits it directly without reflecting on the wrong courses open to him. Likewise, it is of no use for me to be able to state in the abstract in degrees and minutes the angle at which I have to apply my razor, if I do not know it intuitively, in other words, if I do not know how to hold the razor. In like manner, the application of reason is also disturbing to the person who tries to understand physiognomy; this too must occur directly through the understanding. We say that the expression, the meaning of the features, can only be &lt;em&gt;felt&lt;/em&gt;, that is to say, it cannot enter into abstract concepts. Every person has his own immediate intuitive method of physiognomy and pathogony, yet one recognises that &lt;em&gt;signatura rerum&lt;/em&gt; more clearly than does another. But a science of physiognomy in the abstract cannot be brought into existence to be taught and learned, because in this field the shades of difference are so fine that the concept cannot reach them. Hence abstract rational knowledge is related to them as a mosaic is to a picture by a van der Werft or a Denner. However fine the mosaic may be, the edges of the stones always remain, so that no continuous transition from one tint to another is possible. In the same way, concepts, with their rigidity and sharp delineation, however finely they may be split by closer definition, are always incapable of reaching the fine modifications of perception, and this is the very point of the example I have taken here from physiognomy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This same property in concepts which makes them similar to the stones of a mosaic, and by virtue of which perception always remains their asymptote, is also the reason why nothing good is achieved through them in art. If the singer or virtuoso wishes to guide his recital by reflection, he remains lifeless. The same is true of the composer, the painter and the poet. For art the concept always remains unproductive; in art it can guide only technique; its province is science.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5904148613620398746?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5904148613620398746/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5904148613620398746' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5904148613620398746'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5904148613620398746'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/schopenhauer-on-perception-and-reason.html' title='Schopenhauer on Perception and Reason'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3155609225499743765</id><published>2007-09-11T01:22:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-11T01:26:34.285+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer and the Faculty of Reason</title><content type='html'>In his &lt;em&gt;World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt; at #8 we have:&lt;blockquote&gt;As from the direct light of the sun to the borrowed reflected light of the moon, so do we pass from the immediate representation of perception, which stands by itself and is its own warrant, to reflection, to the abstract, discursive concepts of reason (&lt;em&gt;Vernunft&lt;/em&gt;), which have their whole content only from that knowledge of perception, and in relation to it.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3155609225499743765?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3155609225499743765/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3155609225499743765' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3155609225499743765'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3155609225499743765'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/schopenhauer-and-faculty-of-reason.html' title='Schopenhauer and the Faculty of Reason'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5409781477173393398</id><published>2007-09-10T11:02:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-10T11:08:03.292+10:00</updated><title type='text'>Beautiful Libraries</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.curiousexpeditions.org/2007/09/a_librophiliacs_love_letter_1.html"&gt;It's a compendium of classic libraries&lt;/a&gt; (all of which make Melbourne's State Library look decidedly tame).&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5409781477173393398?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5409781477173393398/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5409781477173393398' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5409781477173393398'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5409781477173393398'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/beautiful-libraries.html' title='Beautiful Libraries'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7809715082244564392</id><published>2007-09-06T16:02:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-09-06T16:11:57.561+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Women and Spiders and Martin Amis</title><content type='html'>From Martin Amis's &lt;em&gt;The Information&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;Gwyn said slowly, "I find I never think in terms of men. In terms of women. I find I always think in terms of... &lt;em&gt;people&lt;/em&gt;."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There was an immediate burble of approbation: Gwyn, it seemed, had douched the entire company in common sense and plain humanity. Richard had to raise his voice, which meant that his cough kicked in -- but he went ahead with his passionate speech. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It was the little rapt pause before the word &lt;em&gt;people&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;that&lt;/em&gt; was what did it.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"A very &lt;em&gt;low-level&lt;/em&gt; remark, if I may say so. Hey, Gwyn. You know what you remind me of? A quiz in a colour magazine -- you know, Are You Cut Out To Be a &lt;em&gt;Teacher&lt;/em&gt;? Final question: Would you rather teach a) history, or b) geography, or c) ... &lt;em&gt;children&lt;/em&gt;. Well you don't get a choice about teaching children. But there is a choice, and a difference, between history and geography. It must make you feel nice and young to say that being a man means nothing and being a woman means nothing and what matters is being a... &lt;em&gt;person&lt;/em&gt;. How about being a &lt;em&gt;spider&lt;/em&gt;, Gwyn. Let's imagine you're a &lt;em&gt;spider&lt;/em&gt;. You're a spider, and you've just had your first serious date. You're limping away from that now, and you're looking over your shoulder, and there's your girlfriend, eating one of your legs like it was a chicken drumstick. What would you say? I know. You'd say: I find I never think in terms of male spiders. Or in terms of female spiders. I find I always think in terms of... &lt;em&gt;spiders&lt;/em&gt;."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Richard sank back, rhythmically sighing or whinnying with all that this had cost him. He didn't have the will to look up, to look up into that unanimity of downward revision. So he started at the tarnished tablecloth, and saw only the rising -- no, the plunging -- seahorses that lived behind his eyes.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7809715082244564392?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7809715082244564392/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7809715082244564392' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7809715082244564392'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7809715082244564392'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/09/women-and-spiders-and-martin-amis.html' title='Women and Spiders and Martin Amis'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6987968109674108823</id><published>2007-08-21T12:58:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-21T13:12:48.811+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Duplicity, Language Profusion and the Personal</title><content type='html'>From George Steiner's &lt;em&gt;After Babel&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;'A comparison between different languages shows that the point about words is never their truth or adequacy for otherwise there would not be so many languages.' Or to put it simply: there is a direct, crucial correlation between the 'un-truthful' and fictive genius of human speech on the one hand and the great multiplicity of languages on the other.&lt;/blockquote&gt;and:&lt;blockquote&gt;Most probably there is a common molecular biology and neuro-physiology to all human utterance. It seems very likely that all languages are subject to constraints and similarities determined by the design of the brain, by the vocal equipment of the species and, it might be, by certain highly generalised, wholly abstract efficacies of logic, of optimal form, and relation. But the ripened humanity of language, its indispensable conservative and creative force lie in the extraordinary diversity of actual tongues, in the bewildering profusion and eccentricity (though there is no centre) of their modes. The psychic need for particularity, for 'in-clusion' and invention is so intense that it has, during the whole of man's history until very lately, outweighed the spectacular, obvious material advantage of mutual comprehension and linguistic unity. In that sense, the Babel myth is once again a case of symbolic inversion: mankind was not destroyed but on the contrary kept vital and creative by being scattered among tongues. But in this sense also there is en every act of translation -- and specially where it succeeds -- a touch of treason. Hoarded dreams, patents of life are being taken across the frontier.&lt;/blockquote&gt;and:&lt;blockquote&gt;Man has 'spoken himself free' of total organic constraint. Language is a constant creation of alternative worlds. There are no limits to the shaping powers of words, proclaims the poet. 'Look,' said Khlebnikov, that virtuoso of extreme statement in his 'Decrees to the Planet', 'the sub obeys my syntax.' Uncertainty of meaning is incipient poetry. In every fixed definition there is obsolescence or failed insight. The teeming plurality of languages enacts fundamentally creative, 'counter-factual' genius and psychic functions of language itself. It embodies a move away from unison and acceptance -- the Gregorian homophonic -- to the polyphonic, ultimately divergent fascination of manifold specificity. Each different tongue offers its own denial of determinism. 'The world, it says, 'can be other.' Ambiguity, polysemy, opaqueness, the violation of grammatical and logical sequences, reciprocal incomprehensions, the capacity to lie -- there are not pathologies of languages but the roots of its genius. Without them the individual and the species would have withered.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6987968109674108823?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6987968109674108823/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6987968109674108823' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6987968109674108823'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6987968109674108823'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/duplicity-language-profusion-and.html' title='Duplicity, Language Profusion and the Personal'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5676777585985076700</id><published>2007-08-19T02:45:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-19T03:12:06.045+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='kant'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Kant's Foreshadowing of the Quantum and the non-Euclidean</title><content type='html'>Kant, I think, is often misrepresented in philosophical circles as having supposed  that Newtonian physics and Euclidean geometry were the final words of their respective fields.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Certainly, Kant did think Euclidean geometry and Newtonian physics were the most certain bodies of knowledge available, and his philosophy can be seen as providing a philosophical justification for why this is so, but I think a closer reading of his work will show that he never went on to suppose that nothing better than or different to these two bodies of thought were possible.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, having just read for the first time his &lt;em&gt;Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics&lt;/em&gt;, I was pleased to find the following passage in the chapter titled &lt;em&gt;On determining the boundary of pure reason&lt;/em&gt; that directly supports my view, even though I'm well aware that taking a tiny section from a much larger body of work as proof of any standpoint is a thoroughly misguided course of action to undertake:&lt;blockquote&gt;The expansion of insight in mathematics, and the possibility of ever new inventions, goes to infinity; so too does the discovery of new properties in nature (new forces and laws) through continued experience and the unification of that experience by reason.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5676777585985076700?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5676777585985076700/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5676777585985076700' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5676777585985076700'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5676777585985076700'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/kants-foreshadowing-of-quantum-and-non.html' title='Kant&apos;s Foreshadowing of the Quantum and the non-Euclidean'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-114770542436917732</id><published>2007-08-17T20:03:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2008-01-14T08:24:10.751+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Montaigne'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Montaigne on Prognostications</title><content type='html'>In &lt;em&gt;On Prognostications&lt;/em&gt;, we have Montaigne quoting Lucan with the following:&lt;blockquote&gt;O Ruler of Olympus, why did it please thee to add more care to worried mortals by letting them learn of future slaughters by means of cruel omens! Whatever thou hast in store, do it unexpectedly; let the minds of men be blind to their future fate: let him who fears, still cling to hope!&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-114770542436917732?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/114770542436917732/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=114770542436917732' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/114770542436917732'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/114770542436917732'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/montaigns-on-prognostications.html' title='Montaigne on Prognostications'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8375497733903141049</id><published>2007-08-17T02:03:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-19T03:14:06.548+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Montaigne'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>The Mystery of the Montaigne's Misshapen Lumps</title><content type='html'>I remember a while ago reading the following passage in Montaigne's &lt;em&gt;Essays&lt;/em&gt; and being thoroughly perplexed:&lt;blockquote&gt;...just as a woman left alone may sometimes be seen to produce shapeless lumps of flesh but need to be kept busy by a semen other than her own in order to produce good natural offspring...&lt;/blockquote&gt;Thankfully, I've since gotten my hands onto Screech's translation of the &lt;em&gt;Essays&lt;/em&gt;, and a happy footnote at the bottom of the page explains most things:&lt;blockquote&gt;The human egg not yet having been discovered, many believed with Galen that children were produced by an intermingling of a (weaker) female semen with the male's. By itself the female semen could at times produce &lt;em&gt;moles&lt;/em&gt;, a misshapen lump.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8375497733903141049?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8375497733903141049/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8375497733903141049' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8375497733903141049'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8375497733903141049'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/mystery-of-montaignes-misshapen-lumps.html' title='The Mystery of the Montaigne&apos;s Misshapen Lumps'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7604147854853694872</id><published>2007-08-09T18:37:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-09T18:52:44.174+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer and Compassion as the Basis of Morality</title><content type='html'>From Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt; comes the following excerpt that privileges compassion over reason as the basis of moral life:&lt;blockquote&gt;Let us suppose that two young men, Caius and Titus, are passionately in love each with a different girl, and that, on account of external circumstances, each is thwarted absolutely by a specially favoured rival. They have both decided to put their rivals out of the way, and are perfectly secure from all detection, even from all suspicion. When, however, each comes to make more detailed arrangements for the murder, he desists after an inward struggle. They are now to give us a sincere and clear account of the reasons for abandoning their decision. Now, that given by Caius is to be left entirely to the reader's choice. He may have been prevented through religious reasons, such as the will of God, the retribution to come, the Day of Judgment, and so on. Or he may say: "I consider that the maxim for my proceeding in this case would not have been calculated to give a universally valid rule for all possible rational beings, since I should have treated my rival only as a means and not at the same time as an end." Or he may say with Fichte: "Every human life is a means to the realisation of the moral law; hence I cannot, without being indifferent to that realisation, destroy one who is destined to contribute to it." (Incidentally, he could get over this scruple by hoping, when once in possession of his beloved, to produce soon a new instrument of the moral law.) Or he may say in accordance with Wollaston: "I considered that this action would be the expression of a false proposition." Or like Hutcheson he may say: "The moral sense whose feelings, like those of any other, are incapable of further explanation, prevailed on me not to do it." Or like Adam Smith: "I foresaw that my action would not excite any sympathy at all for me in those who witnessed it." Or in the words of Christian Wolff: "I recognised that I should thus work against my own perfections and not help that of another." Or he may use the words of Spinoza: "To man nothing is more useful than man; I was therefore unwilling to kill the man." In short, he may say what he likes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But Titus, whose account I reserve for myself, may say: "When it came to making the arrangements, and so for the moment I had to concern myself not with my passion but with that rival, I clearly saw for the first time what would really happen to him. But I was then seized with compassion and pity; I felt sorry for him; I had not the heart to do it, and could not." Now I ask any honest and unbiased reader: Which of the two is the better man? To which of them would he prefer to entrust his own destiny? Which of them has been restrained by the purer motive? Accordingly, where does the foundation of morality lie?&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7604147854853694872?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7604147854853694872/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7604147854853694872' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7604147854853694872'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7604147854853694872'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/schopenhauer-and-compassion-as-basis-of.html' title='Schopenhauer and Compassion as the Basis of Morality'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2439045210830998216</id><published>2007-08-03T17:00:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-03T17:24:05.634+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer on What Constitues Philosophy</title><content type='html'>In most introductory philosophical textbooks, the standard definition of philosophy presented is usually etymological in nature. It is pointed out that &lt;em&gt;philo&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;sophy&lt;/em&gt; are derived from the words that mean &lt;em&gt;love&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;wisdom&lt;/em&gt; respectively in Ancient Greek, so philosophy is presented as an enquiry into wisdom and left at that.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For the purposes of an introductory textbook, such a definition I suppose is decent enough. Schopenhauer, however, gets much closer to the truth, if not hitting it directly, when he talks of philosophy as follows in his &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The mode of explanation employed in various fields of study explains things in reference to one another, but it always leaves unexplained something that it presupposes. In mathematics, for example, this is space and time; in mechanics, physics, and chemistry, it is matter, qualities, original forces, laws of nature; in botany and zoology, it is the difference of species and life itself; in history, it is the human race with all its characteristics of thought and will. And in all these it is the principle of sufficient reason in the form appropriate to each. Philosophy has the peculiarity of presupposing absolutely nothing as known; everything to it is equally strange and a problem, not only the relations of phenomena, but also those phenomena themselves.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2439045210830998216?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2439045210830998216/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2439045210830998216' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2439045210830998216'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2439045210830998216'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/schopenhauer-on-what-constitues.html' title='Schopenhauer on What Constitues Philosophy'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-7029872911135748497</id><published>2007-08-03T16:37:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-03T17:00:40.735+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer and Wittgenstein's Ladder</title><content type='html'>Wittgenstein was one of the few philosophers of note that did not read much of what other philosophers had written. One exception, however, was the work of Schopenhauer. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://blogbegoodtome.blogspot.com/2007/05/everybodys-looking-for-ladder.html"&gt;I presented Wittgenstein's ladder to you before&lt;/a&gt;, but the germ behind the philosophy and the metaphor itself can be found in Schopenhauer's &lt;em&gt;The World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt; as follows:&lt;blockquote&gt;Perception is not only the source of all knowledge, but is itself knowledge &lt;em&gt;par excellence&lt;/em&gt;; it alone is the unconditionally true genuine knowledge, fully worthy of the name. For it alone imparts insight proper; it alone is actually assimilated by man, passes into his inner nature, and can quite justifiably be called his, whereas the concepts merely cling to him.&lt;/blockquote&gt;And later:&lt;blockquote&gt;For the man who studies to gain insight, books and studies are merely rungs of the ladder on which he climbs to the summit of knowledge. As soon as a rung has raised him one step, he leaves it behind. On the other hand, the many who study in order to fill their memories do not use the rungs of the ladder for climbing, but take them off and load themselves with them to take away, rejoicing at the increasing weight of the burden. They remain below for ever, since they are carrying what ought to have carried them.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-7029872911135748497?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/7029872911135748497/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=7029872911135748497' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7029872911135748497'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/7029872911135748497'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/08/schopenhauer-and-wittgensteins-ladder.html' title='Schopenhauer and Wittgenstein&apos;s Ladder'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4347639505882596252</id><published>2007-07-30T13:02:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-07-30T13:32:18.786+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>The Pale Art of Imitation</title><content type='html'>From Gibbon's &lt;em&gt;Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire&lt;/em&gt; comes the following delightful extract concerning the power of the ancients:&lt;blockquote&gt;The authority of Plato and Aristotle, of Zeno and Epicurus, still reigned in the schools; and their systems, transmitted with blind deference from one generation of disciples to another, precluded every generous attempt to exercise the powers, or enlarge the limits, of the human mind. The beauties of the poets and orators, instead of kindling a fire like their own, inspired only cold and servile imitations: or if any ventured to deviate from these models, they deviated at the same time from good sense and propriety. On the revival of letters, the youthful vigour of the imagination, after a long repose, national emulation, a new religion, new languages, and a new world, called forth the genius of Europe. But the provincials of Rome, trained by a uniform artificial foreign education, were engaged in a very unequal competition with those bold ancients, who, by expressing their genuine feelings in their native tongue, had already occupied every place of honour. The name of Poet was almost forgotten; that of Orator was usurped by the sophists. A cloud of critics, of compilers, of commentators, darkened the face of learning, and the decline of genius was soon followed by the corruption of taste.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4347639505882596252?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4347639505882596252/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4347639505882596252' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4347639505882596252'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4347639505882596252'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/07/pale-art-of-imitation.html' title='The Pale Art of Imitation'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3030772447748642921</id><published>2007-07-25T18:22:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-07-25T18:37:47.775+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Borges'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Pierre Menard's Translations</title><content type='html'>For the Borges heads, here comes this interesting piece of trivia from George Steiner's &lt;em&gt;After Babel&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The latter's masterpiece [Menard's], of course, was to consist 'of the ninth and thirty-eighth chapters of the first part of &lt;em&gt;Don Quixote&lt;/em&gt; and a fragment of chapter twenty-two'. (How many readers of Borges have observed that Chapter IX turns on a translation from Arabic into Castilian, that there is a labyrinth in XXXVIII, and that chapter XXII contains a literalist equivocation, in the purest Kabbalistic vein, on the fact that the word &lt;em&gt;no&lt;/em&gt; has the same number of letters as the word &lt;em&gt;sí&lt;/em&gt;?)&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3030772447748642921?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3030772447748642921/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3030772447748642921' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3030772447748642921'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3030772447748642921'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/07/pierre-menards-translations.html' title='Pierre Menard&apos;s Translations'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3621671610551162049</id><published>2007-07-23T16:35:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-07-23T16:39:58.685+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Divinations</title><content type='html'>I thank George Steiner for introducing me to the word &lt;em&gt;moromancy&lt;/em&gt; in his book, &lt;em&gt;After Babel&lt;/em&gt;, which means "a foolish divination".&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3621671610551162049?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3621671610551162049/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3621671610551162049' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3621671610551162049'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3621671610551162049'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/07/divinations.html' title='Divinations'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3809667901460641624</id><published>2007-07-13T19:44:00.001+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-19T03:14:23.719+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Montaigne'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Montaigne Against Empty Learning</title><content type='html'>In Montaigne's essay, &lt;em&gt;On the Education of Children&lt;/em&gt;, is found the following anecdote against prolixity and empty formalities:&lt;blockquote&gt;The Samian ambassadors had come to Cleomenes, King of Sparta, prepared with a fine long speech urging him to declare war against the tyrant Polycrates. After hearing them to the end, the Spartan King gave them their answer: 'As for your introduction and exordium, I no longer remember them, or the middle of your speech either; and as for your conclusion, I will do nothing of the sort.'&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3809667901460641624?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3809667901460641624/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3809667901460641624' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3809667901460641624'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3809667901460641624'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/07/montaigne-against-empty-learning.html' title='Montaigne Against Empty Learning'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4983786034681581720</id><published>2007-07-10T17:39:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-07-10T17:49:55.778+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><title type='text'>Nicaraguan Cuba</title><content type='html'>I was reminded of the naivete of Cubans when reading the following excerpt from Rushdie's &lt;em&gt;The Jaguar Smile&lt;/em&gt;, which has as its subject matter the author's time in Sandinistan Nicaragua:&lt;blockquote&gt;Later, one of the interpreters asked me a breathtaking question: 'What's a labour camp?'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'What's a labour camp?' I echoed, disbelievingly.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'Oh, I can see what you're trying to say it is,' she said. 'Something like a concentration camp. But are you really saying they have such things in the Soviet Union?'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'Um,' I stumbled, 'well, yes.'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;'But how can it be?' she asked in obvious distress. 'The USSR is so helpful to third world countries. How can it be doing things like this?'&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is a kind of innocence abroad in Nicaragua. One of the problems with the romance of the word 'revolution' is that it can carry with it a sort of blanket approval of all self-professed revolutionary movement. Donaldo Altamirano told me how deeply he felt in solidarity with the Provisional IRA.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4983786034681581720?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4983786034681581720/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4983786034681581720' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4983786034681581720'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4983786034681581720'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/07/nicaraguan-cuba.html' title='Nicaraguan Cuba'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8640864052610945905</id><published>2007-06-14T23:36:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-06-14T23:45:19.721+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Borges'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='translation'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Translating Borges</title><content type='html'>It has often been said that Borges's fictions have never been translated into English well. I certainly thought Andrew Hurley's attempts are ordinary, and I'd like to think &lt;a href="http://blogbegoodtome.blogspot.com/2007/03/borges-and-i-borges-y-yo.html"&gt;my translation of &lt;em&gt;Borges Y Yo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is better, but this ridiculously good anecdote found in &lt;a href="http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/generalfiction/0,6121,96315,00.html"&gt;a review of Borges's &lt;em&gt;Collected Fictions&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tops the lot:&lt;blockquote&gt;On what was to be our last night in Paris, Borges told me that, a few days earlier, he had attended a staging of Macbeth and that, in spite of the terrible performance, he had left the theatre 'shattered by tragic passion'. 'How curious,' he said, 'that Shakespeare's genius can even overcome the efforts of a bad actor.' Borges's genius will overcome Hurley's version, as it has so many others, and English-speaking readers, while waiting for the inspired translator of Borges, may have to resign themselves to the not impossible task of learning Spanish.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8640864052610945905?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8640864052610945905/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8640864052610945905' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8640864052610945905'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8640864052610945905'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/06/translating-borges.html' title='Translating Borges'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4756616891710367294</id><published>2007-06-08T19:02:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-06-08T19:07:15.422+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><title type='text'>The Dalai Lama as Jedi Knight</title><content type='html'>Am I the only one to think that the Dalai Lama seems to resemble Yoda with his playfulness, ungrammatical yet charming and understandable English, opposition to authoritarian systems and deep spirituality?&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4756616891710367294?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4756616891710367294/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4756616891710367294' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4756616891710367294'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4756616891710367294'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/06/dalai-lama-as-jedi-knight.html' title='The Dalai Lama as Jedi Knight'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4031887792758490539</id><published>2007-06-01T17:19:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2008-12-13T23:20:59.446+11:00</updated><title type='text'>Sophia Loren and Jayne Mansfield's Breasts</title><content type='html'>Even Sophia Loren couldn't keep her eyes off Jayne Mansfield's breasts:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/Rl_MAzPg0uI/AAAAAAAAAAM/2QW-z9C-y0U/s1600-h/Sophia+Loren+Jayne+Mansfield.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/Rl_MAzPg0uI/AAAAAAAAAAM/2QW-z9C-y0U/s320/Sophia+Loren+Jayne+Mansfield.jpg" border="0" alt="Sophia Loren and Jayne Mansfield's breasts"id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5070996019569808098" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4031887792758490539?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4031887792758490539/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4031887792758490539' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4031887792758490539'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4031887792758490539'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/06/sophia-loren-and-jayne-mansfields.html' title='Sophia Loren and Jayne Mansfield&apos;s Breasts'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_UQtO9j5-krs/Rl_MAzPg0uI/AAAAAAAAAAM/2QW-z9C-y0U/s72-c/Sophia+Loren+Jayne+Mansfield.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8097059065962949572</id><published>2007-05-21T18:42:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-06-01T17:38:56.978+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Capote's Blondes and Brunettes</title><content type='html'>Although I hadn't actually seen the film, the impression I got from all the talk about Katherine Hepburn's star turn in &lt;em&gt;Breakfast at Tiffany's&lt;/em&gt; was that it was superficial socialite twaddle and Capote's writing wasn't worth bothering with.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But if it weren't for the film &lt;em&gt;Capote&lt;/em&gt;, which I did go and see, I wouldn't have reassessed my impression of the film's inspiration and gotten down to reading his work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Needless to say, &lt;em&gt;In Cold Blood&lt;/em&gt; and the dead-tree version of &lt;em&gt;Breakfast at Tiffany's&lt;/em&gt; are brilliant, and Holly Golightly is a much darker figure than I had expected.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And so I give you a selection from &lt;em&gt;In Cold Blood&lt;/em&gt;, which, funnily enough given the book's non-fictional fictional status, might not be words of Capote's invention but of the actual person from whose mouth they were supposedly uttered:&lt;blockquote&gt;"What you got against him - a nice little punk like that?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Parole violation."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Uh-huh. Came all the way from Kansas on a parole case. Well, I'm just a dizzy blonde. I believe you. But I wouldn't tell that tale to any brunettes."&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8097059065962949572?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8097059065962949572/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8097059065962949572' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8097059065962949572'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8097059065962949572'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/capotes-blondes-and-brunettes.html' title='Capote&apos;s Blondes and Brunettes'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-292804082617300551</id><published>2007-05-20T14:39:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-05-20T14:46:41.552+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='cryptic crosswords'/><title type='text'>Cryptic Joy</title><content type='html'>I'm a fan of cryptic crosswords, and yesterday's Age had a fantastically good clue for 1 across:&lt;blockquote&gt;Give a shellacking with two languages (6,6)&lt;/blockquote&gt;It took a while, and I needed a little help with some handily placed cross clues, but figuring out &lt;em&gt;French polish&lt;/em&gt; was the answer made the morning feel so much brighter.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-292804082617300551?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/292804082617300551/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=292804082617300551' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/292804082617300551'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/292804082617300551'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/cryptic-joy.html' title='Cryptic Joy'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-4581557362731454723</id><published>2007-05-19T16:42:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T16:52:13.711+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='technology'/><title type='text'>Sympathetic Until...</title><content type='html'>I certainly felt quite sympathetic towards &lt;a href="http://www.theage.com.au/news/security/jail-for-bittorrent-bandit-big-crook/2007/05/18/1178995417708.html"&gt;the first person ever convicted of distributing movies over the internet using BitTorrent&lt;/a&gt;, which happened in Hong Kong of all places. Yes, sympathetic until I noticed he had been convicted for distributing the films &lt;em&gt;Daredevil&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Miss Congeniality&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Red Planet&lt;/em&gt;, the first of which mine own eyes can attest was craptacular.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-4581557362731454723?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/4581557362731454723/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=4581557362731454723' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4581557362731454723'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/4581557362731454723'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/sympathetic-until.html' title='Sympathetic Until...'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-6652785335559174298</id><published>2007-05-17T20:44:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-03T17:01:01.042+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer vs. the German Idealists</title><content type='html'>Schopenhauer dealt professionally with Hegel at least in the German university system, but that didn't stop him in his &lt;em&gt;World as Will and Representation&lt;/em&gt; from launching some of the most stinging invective I've ever read against the obscurantism of the German Idealists that came after Kant:&lt;blockquote&gt;What was senseless and without meaning at once took refuge in obscure exposition and language. Fichte was the first to grasp and make use of this privilege; Schelling at best equalled him in this, and a host of hungry scribblers without intellect or honesty soon surpassed them both. But the greatest effrontery in serving up sheer nonsense, in scrabbling together senseless and maddening webs of words, such as had previously been heard only in madhouses, finally appeared in Hegel.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-6652785335559174298?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/6652785335559174298/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=6652785335559174298' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6652785335559174298'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/6652785335559174298'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/schopenhauer-vs-german-idealists.html' title='Schopenhauer vs. the German Idealists'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3714609711325060146</id><published>2007-05-17T20:15:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-03T17:01:10.408+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Schopenhauer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Schopenhauer vs. Spinoza</title><content type='html'>If I remember correctly, Schopenhauer was fond of and influenced by Spinoza's work. Certainly Schopenhauer's positing of an essentially unified world bears a striking resemblance to Spinoza's pantheism, yet that never got in the way of a classic Schopenhauerian quip, as the following attests:&lt;blockquote&gt;To call the world &lt;em&gt;God&lt;/em&gt; is not to explain it; it is only to enrich our language with a superfluous synonym for the word &lt;em&gt;world&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3714609711325060146?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3714609711325060146/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3714609711325060146' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3714609711325060146'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3714609711325060146'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/schopenhauer-vs-spinoza.html' title='Schopenhauer vs. Spinoza'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1183807305893187735</id><published>2007-05-17T17:57:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-05-17T18:19:21.573+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><title type='text'>Farewell France?</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,,2075173,00.html"&gt;Why emulate those whom you ridicule so justifiably&lt;/a&gt;? &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;France and Sarkozy remind me greatly of the misguided aims of communism in practice. Communist governments spent so much time concerning themselves with progress, with worrying about being more productive and beating capitalism at its own game, they forgot that communism's attractions relate to the possibility of living better.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wherefore art thou o ideology that careth not for the productive cog, but for humankind in its resplendent glory?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wherefore art thou o salvation from this mortal coil?&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1183807305893187735?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1183807305893187735/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1183807305893187735' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1183807305893187735'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1183807305893187735'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/farewell-france.html' title='Farewell France?'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5271433426676333031</id><published>2007-05-14T23:58:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-05-15T04:33:14.039+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Everybody's Looking for the Ladder</title><content type='html'>I previously gave you Kant's dove; I now offer you Wittgenstein's ladder.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wittgenstein's &lt;em&gt;Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus&lt;/em&gt; can be pretty much summarised thusly: anything that doesn't refer to the factual world is meaningless.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Of course, that statement and most of the &lt;em&gt;Tractatus&lt;/em&gt; itself did not refer to the factual world and was therefore meaningless by its own reckoning, which was something Wittgenstein was indeed aware of.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So in order to dig his way out of the hole of meaninglessness that he made himself fall into, Wittgenstein used the following non-factual and therefore meaningless metaphor:&lt;blockquote&gt;My propositions are elucidatory in this way: he who understands me finally recognizes them as senseless, when he has climbed out through them, on them, over them. (He must so to speak throw away the ladder, after he has climbed up on it.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He must surmount these propositions; then he sees the world rightly.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5271433426676333031?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5271433426676333031/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5271433426676333031' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5271433426676333031'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5271433426676333031'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/everybodys-looking-for-ladder.html' title='Everybody&apos;s Looking for the Ladder'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-2031658536038935310</id><published>2007-05-03T11:41:00.002+10:00</published><updated>2008-08-12T19:04:00.242+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>Skin-Deep Beauty</title><content type='html'>An elder monk notices a younger monk leering at a hot chicky babe in Umberto Eco's &lt;em&gt;The Name of the Rose&lt;/em&gt;, and, in order to disengorge a sanctified appendage behaving sinfully, says rather misogynistically to the hornbag youth:&lt;blockquote&gt;The beauty of the body stops at the skin. If men could see what is beneath the skin, as with the lynx of Boeotia, they would shudder at the sight of a woman. All that grace consists of mucus and blood, humors and bile. If you think of what is hidden in the nostrils, in the throat, and in the belly, you will find only filth. And if it revolts you to touch mucus or dung with your fingertips, how could we desire to embrace the sack that contains that dung?&lt;/blockquote&gt;Such a wonderful elaboration of the adage "beauty is only skin deep" is not, however, of Umberto Eco's invention. The above passage is in fact attributable to one Saint Odo de Cluny, but what he was referring to when speaking of the lynx of Boeotia not even the internet could tell me.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Yes, for once, Google failed me.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-2031658536038935310?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/2031658536038935310/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=2031658536038935310' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2031658536038935310'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/2031658536038935310'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/skin-deep-beauty.html' title='Skin-Deep Beauty'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-8555709315886758091</id><published>2007-05-01T01:41:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-08-19T03:14:38.692+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='kant'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Plato and Kant's Flightless Dove</title><content type='html'>Yesterday we had Plato's metaphysical suppositions providing Copernicus with the idea of a heliocentric universe; today we have Kant lampooning those very same metaphysical suppositions that lie at the heart of Plato's philosophy by talking of a wishful-thinking dove.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From the introduction of Norman Kemp Smith's translation of Kant's &lt;em&gt;Critique of Pure Reason&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;blockquote&gt;The light dove, cleaving the air in her free flight, and feeling its resistance, might imagine that its flight would still be easier in empty space. It was thus that Plato left the world of the senses, as setting too narrow limits to the understanding, and ventured out beyond it on the wings of the ideas, in the empty space of the pure understanding. He did not observe that with all his efforts he made no advance - meeting no resistance that might, as it were, serve as a support upon which he could take a stand, to which he could apply his powers, and so set his understanding in motion.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-8555709315886758091?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/8555709315886758091/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=8555709315886758091' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8555709315886758091'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/8555709315886758091'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/05/plato-and-kants-flightless-dove.html' title='Plato and Kant&apos;s Flightless Dove'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3195063509698035173</id><published>2007-04-30T18:05:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-04-30T18:23:39.164+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='philosophy'/><title type='text'>Copernicus and The Good</title><content type='html'>An extremely interesting excerpt from Popper's &lt;em&gt;Conjectures and Refutations&lt;/em&gt;, where he argues that Copernicus conceived of the earth revolving around the sun under the influence of Platonic notions:&lt;blockquote&gt;Copernicus studied in Bologna under the Platonist Novara; and Copernicus' idea of placing the sun rather than the earth in centre of the universe was not the result of new observations but of a &lt;em&gt;new interpretation&lt;/em&gt; of old well-known facts in the light of semi-religious Platonic and Neo-Platonic ideas. The crucial idea can be traced back to the sixth book of Plato's &lt;em&gt;Republic&lt;/em&gt;, where we can read that the sun plays the same role in the realm of visible things as does the idea of the good in the realm of ideas. Now the idea of the good is the highest in the hierarchy of Platonic ideas. Accordingly the sun, which endows visible things with their visibility, vitality, growth and progress, is the highest in the hierarchy of the visible things in nature.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now if the sun was to be given pride of place, if the sun merited a divine status in the hierarchy of visible things, then it was hardly possible for it to revolve about the earth. The only fitting place for so exalted a star was the centre of the universe. So the earth was bound to revolve about the sun.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This Platonic idea, then, forms the historical background of the Copernican revolution. It does not start with observations, but with a religious or mythological idea. Such beautiful but wild ideas have often been put forward by great thinkers, and just as often by cranks. But Copernicus, for one, was not a crank. He was highly critical of his own mystical intuitions, which he rigorously examined in the light of astronomical observations reinterpreted with the aid of the new idea. He rightly considered these observations to be extremely important. Yet looked at from a historical or genetical point of view, observations were not the source of his idea. The idea came first, and it was indispensable for the interpretation of the observations: they had to interpreted in its light.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3195063509698035173?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3195063509698035173/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3195063509698035173' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3195063509698035173'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3195063509698035173'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/04/copernicus-and-good.html' title='Copernicus and The Good'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-3095673900720340645</id><published>2007-04-04T20:34:00.000+10:00</published><updated>2007-04-04T20:58:27.890+10:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='music'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='trivia'/><title type='text'>Art Inspiring Art</title><content type='html'>On Mule Variations, Tom Waits sung about a &lt;a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wfamPW3Eaw"&gt;Chocolate Jesus&lt;/a&gt; that would make getting the warm glow from God that much easier.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Now, &lt;a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6509127.stm"&gt;it's a real life chocolatey sculpture&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-3095673900720340645?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/3095673900720340645/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=3095673900720340645' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3095673900720340645'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/3095673900720340645'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/04/art-inspiring-art.html' title='Art Inspiring Art'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-1252133819348714601</id><published>2007-03-14T18:42:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-03-14T21:05:57.126+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Borges'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='translation'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><title type='text'>If Only I Could Translate Russian</title><content type='html'>I'm translating Jorge Luis Borges again, but this time I'm translating one of his pithy quotes about translation:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;No sé por qué siempre se piensa mal de los traductores y, sin embargo, todos estamos de acuerdo en que la literatura rusa es admirable...&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;I don't know why people think badly of translators whilst, nevertheless, everybody is in agreement that Russian literature is to be admired...&lt;/blockquote&gt;From &lt;a href="http://cfm-traduccion.blogspot.com/2007/03/121-traduccin-nuevas-bitcoras-new.html"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Las palabras son pistolas cargadas&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-1252133819348714601?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/1252133819348714601/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=1252133819348714601' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1252133819348714601'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/1252133819348714601'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/03/if-only-i-could-translate-russian.html' title='If Only I Could Translate Russian'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5034425369351730188</id><published>2007-03-12T19:38:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-03-12T23:53:01.829+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='politics'/><title type='text'>The Coming Federal Election: The 1999 Victorian State Election Writ Large</title><content type='html'>John Cain and Joan Kirner in Victoria presided over the Labor Party's longest reign in power from 1982 to 1992; Bob Hawke and Paul Keating federally presided over the Labor Party's longest reign in power from 1983 to 1996. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Labor in Victoria were routed in the 1992 election due primarily to their economic mismanagement; Labor federally were routed in the 1996 election due primarily to Keating's lack of popularity with the electorate and his growing disassociation with the values of the common voter.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jeff Kennett came to power in Victoria in 1992 claiming he would restore the economic credentials of the state; John Howard came to power federally in 1996 claiming to be more sensitive to the values of the common voter.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kennett lost power in 1999 because he was excessive in tightening the purse strings and too many services were compromised. Steve Bracks at that election then took power as the nicer version of Kennett even though there were no significant differences in their respective platforms. The Labor leader was, however, the Liberal leader with a kinder face.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Federally, I believe Rudd and Labor will win the coming election for the analogous reason. There is no significant difference between the two party leaders - Rudd and Howard share pretty much the same outlook on most things - nonetheless, and most importantly, Rudd is Howard with a kinder face. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So where Howard is tight with Bush, Rudd is more circumspect whilst still valuing the US alliance; where Howard accepts through gritted teeth human activity has caused global warming, Rudd has Peter Garrett as shadow environment minister whilst acknowledging that changes must come gradually so as not to cause significant economic disruption; where Howard sides unreservedly with business at the expense of everyday workers, Rudd is positioning himself as someone wanting to balance the competing interests of workers and their bosses; where Howard is gutting the education sector, Rudd sees education as the guarantor of Australia's future prosperity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thus just as Bracks was to Kennett, so I believe Rudd will be to Howard.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5034425369351730188?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5034425369351730188/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5034425369351730188' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5034425369351730188'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5034425369351730188'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/03/coming-federal-election-1999-victorian.html' title='The Coming Federal Election: The 1999 Victorian State Election Writ Large'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6862770906212241758.post-5816575210584194619</id><published>2007-03-11T03:39:00.000+11:00</published><updated>2007-03-11T04:15:38.659+11:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='word wangles'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='literature'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='language'/><title type='text'>Even More Palindromic Language Names</title><content type='html'>Rushdie's and my own ignorance become even more abominable with the discovery of the following palindromic language names that &lt;a href="http://blogbegoodtome.blogspot.com/2007/03/rushdie-needs-to-know-about-kanak.html"&gt;add to the other two already noted&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;- Aja spoken in Sudan;&lt;br /&gt;- Aka spoken in Sudan;&lt;br /&gt;- Ama spoken in Papua New Guinea;&lt;br /&gt;- Ama spoken in Sudan;&lt;br /&gt;- Caac spoken in New Caledonia;&lt;br /&gt;- Efe spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo;&lt;br /&gt;- Erre spoken in Australia;&lt;br /&gt;- Ese spoken in Papua New Guinea;&lt;br /&gt;- Iaai spoken in New Caledonia;&lt;br /&gt;- Kerek spoken in Russia;&lt;br /&gt;- Kuk spoken in Cameroon;&lt;br /&gt;- Laal spoken in Chad;&lt;br /&gt;- Logol spoken in Sudan;&lt;br /&gt;- Manam spoken in Papua New Guinea;&lt;br /&gt;- Monom spoken in Vietnam;&lt;br /&gt;- Nauruan spoken in Nauru;&lt;br /&gt;- Noon spoken in Senegal;&lt;br /&gt;- Ñuñ spoken in Senegal;&lt;br /&gt;- Olo spoken in Papua New Guinea;&lt;br /&gt;- Omo spoken in Papua New Guinea;&lt;br /&gt;- Opo spoken in Ethiopia;&lt;br /&gt;- Ososo spoken in Nigeria;&lt;br /&gt;- Tennet spoken in Sudan; and&lt;br /&gt;- Yaqay spoken in Indonesia (on the island of Papua).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The list above is a subset of those reported in &lt;a href="http://www.languagehat.com/archives/002676.php"&gt;the comments thread for this post on Language Hat&lt;/a&gt;, which has &lt;a href="http://www.ethnologue.org/"&gt;Ethnologue.com&lt;/a&gt; as a source.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The preponderance of palindromic language names on the single island of Papua, with a total of six in the list above and who knows how many more actually being spoken there, is most galling for the likes of fools such as me who think Malayalam is the centre of the palindromic universe.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Never again will I believe anything I read in a book unless it's been verified by the internet.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6862770906212241758-5816575210584194619?l=thus-sprach.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/feeds/5816575210584194619/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6862770906212241758&amp;postID=5816575210584194619' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5816575210584194619'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6862770906212241758/posts/default/5816575210584194619'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://thus-sprach.blogspot.com/2007/03/even-more-palindromic-language-names.html' title='Even More Palindromic Language Names'/><author><name>ToneMasterTone</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/04781745338663053209</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>
